Theodore Roosevelt Environmentalist Asthmatic Rough Rider Harvard Graduate Cowboy Showman Trustbuster Teddy Bear Militaristic Unconventional NYC Police commissioner Impulsive Secretary of the Navy Author Radical #MCM

US Imperialism around the World

Alaska 1867 Sec of State Seward organized purchase of Alaska from Russia for 2 cents per acre (7 mil.) Critics called it “Seward’s Icebox” WHY? Eventually great resources were found; gold, timber, fish

U.S. Imperialism: HAWAII Americans overthrew Queen Liliuokalani in 1893 and Hawaii was annexed by the USA in 1898 In 1891, Queen Liliuokalani came to power and tried to reduce the power of Americans living in Hawaii From 1820 to 1890, Americans moved to Hawaii as missionaries and fruit plantation owners

Dole ■Was a territory until 1959 when it gained statehood ■Sanford Dole - first governor of the Territory of Hawaii

U.S. Imperialism: CHINA By the 1890s, European imperial powers carved China into spheres of influence, giving them exclusive trade rights in Chinese ports

Boxer Rebellion:

U.S. Imperialism: CHINA In 1899, the USA declared an Open Door Policy in China: no colonies but would allow free trade by any nation in any port

This will lead to tension with Japan... Did not like the “carve up” China idea Did not like the anti-Asian sentiment on US West Coast (segregated Japanese schools) Roosevelt tries to ease tensions with “The Gentlemen’s Agreements” - the will desegregate schools if Japan limits the amount of people who immigrate to US.

President Teddy Roosevelt ■26th President (1901–1909) ■TR was the first President ■to fly in an airplane ■to be submerged in a submarine ■to own a car ■to have a telephone in his home ■to travel outside the borders of the US while still in office. TR took the battleship USS Louisiana to Panama in ■to entertain an African-American in the White House, inviting Booker T. Washington to dinner ■first AMERICAN as well as first President to win a Nobel Prize in ANY of the six categories - he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in ■TR founded: ■the first 51 federal bird sanctuaries ■the first 18 national monuments (including the Grand Canyon, the Petrified Forest, Muir Woods and Devils Tower)

When Theodore Roosevelt became president, he used Big Stick Diplomacy to develop an active foreign policy with a strong navy to accomplish goals “Speak softly and carry a big stick, you will go far” —TR’s favorite proverb “Big Stick Policy”

Theodore Roosevelt and the Roosevelt Corollary TR added the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, giving the USA “police powers” to protect Latin America from European imperialism

While Roosevelt used diplomacy to ease tensions with Japan, he also promoted military preparedness to protect U.S. interests in Asia. Expressing rising concerns about Japan’s territorial expansion at the expense of China, Korea, and Russia – the President won Congressional support for a new force of navy ships, known as the Great White Fleet. 16 white battleships on a “good will cruise” around the world… …what message do you think they meant to convey with this “cruise?”

The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, 1904

The Roosevelt Corollary Significance ■If a European power violates the Monroe Doctrine now = act of WAR!!!

“Speak softly and carry a big stick” 1.Need for canal a.Militarism - need shorter route to Philippines i.Going around South America takes too long! b.Jingoism – prestige for industrial accomplishment c.Commercialism – shorter trade route to China i. Open Door Policy – agreement that all nations would not colonize China but can trade with then

U.S. Imperialism: PANAMA CANAL One of TR’s top objectives was to build a canal in Panama to help U.S. naval and commercial ships But, Colombia controlled Panama and rejected the U.S. offer to build a canal in Panama so TR encouraged Panama to break from Colombia

1898: USS Oregon raced around South America to fight the Spanish in Cuba. Without a canal, the Oregon spent more than 2 months at sea!

With U.S. help, Panama gained its independence from Colombia in 1903 and the new government agreed to allow the U.S. to build the canal

In 1914, the Panama Canal was finished and controlled by the United States

Panama Canal Videos ■How the Locks work ■Time Lapse of Locks ■Just for fun: ■Canal Expansion (update oct 2015)

By the 20 th century, the USA was a world power The industrial revolution transformed the USA into an economic power The USA built the world’s third largest navy America annexed important new territories in the Caribbean and Asia America asserted itself as an equal to European nations and used its influence to build the Panama Canal, protect Latin America, and trade in Asia

United States: Imperialist or Good Neighbor? ■ Did the foreign policy actions of the United States reflect selfish, imperialist ambitions or did the USA act as a concerned “big-brother” who was looking after the interests of the western hemisphere? – Use examples from this unit that provide evidence of both arguments. – Take a side and make an argument (thesis) Hurrah! The Country Is Saved Again

American Imperialism PICTIONARY ■ Each team will be assigned 1 of the following topics on U.S. foreign policy & will create an illustration that represents their topic ■ When finished, each class group will try to guess what topic the group was assigned 7.Effects of the Spanish-American War 8.“Big Stick Diplomacy” 9.Built the Panama Canal 10.Anti-Imperialist League 11.Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine 12.Yellow Journalism 1.Reasons for U.S. Imperialism 2.Social Darwinism 3.U.S. annexed Hawaii 4.Causes of the Spanish-American War 5.Open Door Policy in China 6.Causes of Philippine American War