Three Regions New England —mostly involved in subsistence farming and trade. Middle Colonies —mostly involved in staple food production Southern Colonies —centered around production of cash crops such as tobacco

Three Regions New England —mostly involved in subsistence farming and trade. Middle Colonies —mostly involved in staple food production Southern Colonies —centered around production of cash crops such as tobacco

Mercantilism -system of nations increasing their wealth and power through trade with colonies -English wanted a favorable balance of trade which meant they sold more than they imported from colonies

English Control -colonies were very successful traders -Parliament passes the Navigation Acts, 1649 Puts Mercantilism into practice -Restricted how and with who the colonists could do business with. -Could only trade with England and only use English ships

Seeds of Independence -Glorious Revolution in English Bill of Rights, salutary neglect - very loose supervision of the colonies -lack of control led to self government -John Peter Zenger –colonist put on trial over basic freedoms such as freedom of the press

Colonial Society -plantation owners were top of society -small farmers were most of the population -second class role of women *mothers, chores, very few worked jobs -indentured servants *normally poor from England who indebted to work in order to be in America.

Industrial North -more diversified economy than the south -not as much slavery -harsher weather conditions -food exports, lumber industry -ship building, iron making

Agricultural South -growth of cash crops - tobacco, rice, indigo -large plantations dominate economy -many small farms also -few towns and cities because of the agricultural lifestyle

Slavery in America -slaves would replace Indians and indentured servants -Triangular Trade The Americas’, Europe, Africa slaves-sugar-rum -Middle Passage * Horrendous journey across the Atlantic in slaveships.

Witch Trials Salem, Massachusetts -young girls accused people of being witches -witches were often executed unless they exposed other “witches” -trials later suspended due to poor evidence

Enlightenment * Was a cultural Movement -stresses the use of reason and scientific method -Benjamin Franklin became most famous early American scientist -Enlightenment also led to increasing educational levels -Led to the founding of colleges---many for religious training Examples: Harvard, Princeton, William and Mary

Philosophy -John Locke-Natural Rights life, liberty, property Believed no Govt could take these! * He believed we were born free, equal and independent -Social Contract an agreement between a people and their government to protect their rights *Give up some freedoms in order to be protected -Baron Montesquieu separation of powers in gov’t * Leads to the 3 branches of government.

1720sGreat Awakening *A renewal of Faith -a revival of the Puritan faith -Jonathan Edwards “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” -the revival led to new religious denominations Such as Baptist, Methodist *even gives new hope to slaves