The Millenium Development Goals 8 ways to improve our World Valencia, 25 August 2009

The Millennium Development Goals of United Nations (MDGs): 8 goals to respond to the world's main development challenges by 2015. Goal 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Goal 2. Achieve universal primary education Goal 3. Promote gender equality and empower women Goal 4. Reduce child mortality Goal 5. Improve maternal health Goal 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases Goal 7. Ensure environmental sustainability Goal 8. Develop a global partnership for development The MDGs break down into 20 quantifiable targets measured by 60 indicators.

What are the MDGs?. A SINGLE PACKAGE that Integrates many important commitments made at international fora in the 90`s Recognize the linkage among growth, poverty reduction & sustainable development Founds development on democratic governance, the rules of the law, and human rights, peace and security Is based on time-bound, measurable targets & indicators to observe progress Bring together, in the eighth Goal, the responsibilities of developing countries with those of developed countries, founded on a global partnership

“The most ambitious project ever put into action in the history” The MDGs history 2000: 189 nations-and signed by 147 heads of state and governments adopted the Millennium Declaration during the UN Millennium Summit. 2001: UN Secretary General, Kofi Annan presented Road Map Towards the Implementation of the United Nations Millennium Declaration; an integrated situation analysis outlining potential strategies to meet the goal 2002: The Millennium Project , an independent advisory body, prepared a worldwide concrete action plan: “Investing in Development: A Practical Plan to Achieve the MDG 2005: 170 Heads of State adopted the plan and committed to adopt its own national strategy to achieve the MDG; based on Annan report “In Larger Freedom” 2006: The works was focus on the implementation of the Project's proposals.  

20 Quantified Targets Reduce by half the proportion of people whose income is less than $1 a day Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people. Reduce by half the proportion of people who suffer from hunger Ensure that all boys and girls complete a full course of primary schooling Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005, and in all levels of education no later than 2015 Reduce by two thirds the mortality of children under five Reduce maternal mortality by three quarters Achieve universal access to reproductive health

20 Quantified Targets Halt and reverse HIV/AIDS. Achieve by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS Halt and reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases Integrate principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes; Reverse the loss of environmental resources Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a major reduction in the rate of loss Halve the share of people without access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation Improve the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers by 2020 Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory trading and financial system Address special needs of the least developed countries, landlocked countries and small island developing States Deal comprehensively with developing countries’ debt Provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries Make available the benefits of new technologies, especially ICTs

GOAL 7: ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY Target 1: Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources Immediate action is needed to contain rising greenhouse gas emissions Success in limiting ozone-depleting substances is also helping to mitigate climate change Target 2: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss Marine areas and land conservation need greater attention Deforestation slows and more forests are designated for biodiversity conservation The number of species threatened with extinction is rising rapidly Fish stocks require improved fisheries management to reduce depletion  

GOAL 7: ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY Target 3: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation Almost half of the world’s population face a scarcity of water More people are using improved sanitation facilities, but meeting the target will require a redoubling of efforts In developing regions, nearly one in four uses no form of sanitation Though access to improved drinking water has expanded, nearly one billion people do without Women shoulder the largest burden in collecting water Target 4: By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers Simple, low-cost interventions could improve the lives of many slum dwellers

Access to safe water / basic sanitation GOAL 7: Target 3: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation Some facts. 2.8 billion (+ 40 %) of the world’s population, live with some form of water scarcity. > 1.2 billion of them live under conditions of physical water scarcity, when > 75 % the river flows are withdrawn. 1.6 billion people live in areas of economic water scarcity, where human, institutional and financial capital limit access to water, even though water is available locally Lack of or underdeveloped water infrastructure, high vulnerability to short- and long-term drought, and difficult access to reliable water supplies, especially for rural people. Almost half of the world’s population face a scarcity of water

Access to safe water / basic sanitation Some facts. 1.1 billon people in developing regions are using improved sanitation facilities since 1990. To reach the goal, another 1.6 billion persons in the next 7 years. 2.5 billion people remain without improved sanitation (Asia 1 billion & sub-Saharan Africa, ½ billion) In 54 countries, less than ½ inhabitants used an improved sanitation facility. (3/4 in sub-Saharan Africa) Half of the world’s population live in rural areas. It represents 70% of the people without improved sanitation. In urban areas, improvements in sanitation have failed to keep pace with population growth More people are using improved sanitation facilities, but meeting the target will require a redoubling of efforts

Access to safe water / basic sanitation In developing regions, nearly one in four uses no form of sanitation Some facts. 25% of the developing world’s population live without any form of sanitation.  15 % use sanitation facilities that do not ensure hygienic separation of human waste from human contact. Open defecation expose an entire community, not just those who practice it, because of an increased risk of several diseases Of the 1.2 billion people worldwide who practise open defecation, more than one billion live in rural areas.  

Access to safe water / basic sanitation Some facts. 1.6 billion people have gained access to safe water since 1990. To meet the drinking water target, 89 % of people in developing regions needs to improved sources of drinking water. 1 billion people today lack safe sources of drinking water. In Eastern Asia, 400 million people have gained access and coverage has grown by 20 % since 1990. Less progress has taken place in sub-Saharan Africa, just 33% of those without improved drinking water supplies. Some 742 million rural people lived without access to improved drinking water, compared to 137 million urban residents. Women usually are responsible for collecting water, twice more than men, while children collect water in 11 % of the households. More girls than boys fetch water   Though access to improved drinking water has expanded, nearly one billion people do without Women shoulder the largest burden in collecting water

What is needed? The UN estimates that the cost of closing the gap between current trends and target trends for achieving the Goal 7 targets on water and sanitation, based on low-cost, sustainable technologies, is at least $10 billion/year.