Computer Performance & Storage Devices Computer Technology 1

2 Computer Performance What is inside a computer? View Video

 Sequence of events that occurs between the time you turn on a computer and the time that it becomes ready to accept commands. 3 Boot Process

Hertz*  Measures the speed of a CPU  Hertz = number of cycles per second  Gigahertz* – 1 billion cycles per second **

RAM* - Random Access Memory 5  The temporary storage area that is volatile.  When power is lost, what was not saved is then lost. Think of a large amount of RAM as having a large work table where you can spread out books, papers, pencils, calculator, etc. to do your work.

Volatile* - temporary, risky  Memory that loses its content when the power is turned off. The primary example is RAM.

ROM* (Read Only Memory) 7 Nonvolatile, permanent storage that cannot be updated, changed, nor tampered with.

Binary Number System  A method for representing letters or numbers using only two digits, 0 and 1.  Also referred to as Base 2 Binary Code.

 Each 0 or 1 9 Bit* 9 Byte* 8 bits

Kilo = 1,000 Kilobyte*  Approximately 1,000 bytes  Exactly 1,024 bytes

Megabyte  Approximately 1 million bytes  Exactly 1,048,576 bytes 11 Mega* = million

Gigabyte  Approximately 1 billion bytes 12 Giga* = Billion

Terabyte  Approximately 1 trillion bytes 13 Tera* = Trillion

 Quadrillion (10 to the 15th power) 14 Peta*=Quadrillion How to remember smallest to largest: Billy’s BYU Kitten Met Gibby’s Team Pet

15 BytesAbbrevHow many10 to the Power of Kilo(K)Thousand3 Mega(M)Million6 Giga(G)Billion9 Tera(T)Trillion12 Peta(P)Quadrillion15 Exa(E)Quintillion18 Zetta(Z)Sextillion21 Yotta(Y)Septillion24

Input Devices Keyboard Optical Reader Mouse Touch Pad Microphone Stylus Hardware that enables a computer user to enter data and programs into a computer. Keyboard

Processing The main parts of a computer system that process information.

Processing The main parts of a computer system that process information. CPU Central Processing Unit The CPU is often called the “brains” of the computer.

 Hertz measures the speed of a CPU  Hertz = number of cycles per second  Megahertz  Gigahertz  Terahertz

Processing The main parts of a computer system that process information. CPU Central Processing Unit ROM Read Only Memory The CPU is often called the “brains” of the computer. ROM is permanent internal memory that cannot be changed.

Processing The main parts of a computer system that process information. CPU Central Processing Unit ROM Read Only Memory RAM Random Access Memory The CPU is often called the “brains” of the computer. ROM is permanent internal memory that cannot be changed. RAM is temporary memory that can be changed.

Output Devices Hardware that represents data as either hard copy or soft copy after is has been processed by the computer.

Output Devices Hardware that represents data as either hard copy or soft copy after is has been processed by the computer. Monitor Represents data as “soft copy.” Some common monitors are CRT or flat- panel.

Output Devices Hardware that represents data as either hard copy or soft copy after is has been processed by the computer. Monitor Printer Represents data as “soft copy.” Some common monitors are CRT or flat- panel. Represents data as “hard copy.” Some common printers are laser or inkjet.

Output Devices Hardware that represents data as either hard copy or soft copy after is has been processed by the computer. Monitor Printer Speakers Represents data as “soft copy.” Some common monitors are CRT or flat- panel. Represents data as “hard copy.” Some common printers are laser or inkjet.

Storage Devices Needed for permanently storing important information such as computer programs, files, and data.

Storage Devices Needed for permanently storing important information such as computer programs, files, and data. Magnetic Storage Hard Disk Floppy Disk Videotape Optical Storage CDs DVDs Plastic or metal platters that are coated with oxide and store data magnetically. USB Storage A storage medium on which data is recorded and read by two lasers A small storage device that can be plugged into a USB port.

Software A set of instructions or programs that tell a computer what to do.

Operating System watch video Master controller of: RAM, peripheral devices, file operations (saving, opening, deleting, renaming, etc.), and system performance.

Operating System This type of software manages RAM, controls peripheral devices, manages file operations (saving, opening, deleting, renaming, etc.), monitors system performance, and provides a user interface DOS, Windows, Vista DOS is a command-line interface OS. It is not very user-friendly! Windows is a GUI OS environment that works with DOS. It uses icons and menus to make computers easy to use. You can multitask with Windows.

Operating System This type of software manages RAM, controls peripheral devices, manages file operations (saving, opening, deleting, renaming, etc.), monitors system performance, and provides a user interface DOS, Windows, Vista Macintosh DOS is a command-line interface OS. It is not very user-friendly! Windows is a GUI OS environment that works with DOS. It uses icons and menus to make computers easy to use. You can multitask with Windows. Macintosh computers have their own operating system.

Operating System Master Controller -This type of software manages RAM, controls peripheral devices, manages file operations (saving, opening, deleting, renaming, etc.), monitors system performance, and provides a user interface DOS, Windows, Vista Macintosh Other Operating Systems: Linux, UNIX, OS/2 DOS is a command-line interface OS. It is not very user-friendly! Windows is a GUI OS environment that works with DOS. It uses icons and menus to make computers easy to use. You can multitask with Windows. Macintosh computers have their own operating system.

Application Software (Apps) Programs that allow users to perform specific tasks. Word Processing Spreadsheets Browser Electronic Presentations Database Recycle Bin Letters, reports, text Numbers, formulas Slide Shows Access the Internet Large collections of data Stores garbage until emptied

 video video 34 What if I no longer want a program. How do I uninstall it?  video video So How do you download and run a program?

 video video 35 Shortcut* – Create a fast way to access a file or folder from your desktop How do you identify a shortcut? If you delete the shortcut, is the program gone? How do I make a shortcut of a program to my desktop?

Virus A small computer program or piece of code that is put on a computer (usually without the user knowing about it) that is destructive to the computer.

 A document, picture, etc.  When saved, it has an extension such as:  Word documents (.docx)  Images (.gif and.jpg)  Multimedia (.wma and more) 37 File Directory/Folder* A container for programs and files. It can hold both files and more folders.

 A structure of files and folders that are in order from high to low. 38 Hierarchy

 The three or four letters after the dot that identifies what kind of format a file was saved in.  Examples .docx – WORD .pptx – PowerPoint .bmp – paint .jpg – graphic .pdf - adobe 39 Extension

Explorer Window 40 Navigation Pane Content Pane Heirarchy

File Management Assignment 41