Chapter 3 The Colonies Come of Age

Chapter 3.1 England and Its Colonies

 Explain the economic relationship between England and its American colonies.  Describe how tensions arose between England and the colonies.  Summarize how salutary neglect of the colonies after 1688 planted the seeds of self- government.

Mercantilism  The competition between nations for wealth and trade. Navigation Acts Parliament  Laws Parliament made restricting colonial trade.  Forced the colonies to trade only with England. 0/the-taxman-cometh-the- navigation-act

Tensions Emerge  Merchants resented the restrictions and traded illegally.  Massachusetts’ charter was revoked in Dominion of New England Sir Edmond Andros  King James II made all the Northern colonies one, the Dominion of New England and appointed Sir Edmond Andros as the ruler.

The Glorious Revolution  In 1688 Parliament invited William of Orange to England to rule.  Parliament then passed laws establishing power over the monarch.  Massachusetts’ charter was restored in 1691.

King Charles II ( ) Angered by Mass. Refusal to obey English law, he revoked the colony’s charter in 1684 and brought Mass. Under royal control. James II ( ) He consolidated the Northern colonies into the Dominion of New England in 1686 and enlisted Sir Edmund Andros to rule the region. William and Mary ( ) Succeeded James II after the Glorious Revolution and helped establish the supremacy of Parliament. Parliament then restored the colonies’ charters.

Salutary Neglect  England relaxes its enforcement of the Navigation Acts in return for continued economic loyalty.  Governors appointed by the king ruled each colony.  The colonists paid their salaries and had great influence.  Colonials began to enjoy self rule.

Keeping the colonies under economic and political control Problem 1. In 1651: Navigation Acts 3. After 1688: Salutary Neglect 2. In 1686: Northern colonies consolidated into the Dominion of New England. Solution

Chapter 3.2 The Agricultural South

 Trace the development of a plantation economy in the American South.  Explain the way of life in the Southern colonies.  Describe the slave trade and the role of slavery in the plantation economy.  Describe life for colonial slaves.

cash crop  The main cash crop of the South was tobacco.  Other crops were rice, and indigo.  Plantations developed instead of towns because of the long, deep rivers that allowed access to ocean- going vessels.

Life in the South  There was a diverse population.  A strong economy due to the tobacco crop.  Women were 2 nd class citizens along with indentured servants.  Women of the “planter class” had servants.

Slavery  Slaves  Slaves were considered property of others.  At first, the colonists used Native Americans as slaves.  By 1690 there were 13,000 and by 1750 there were 200,000. triangular trade  Africans became part of a triangular trade network.

Middle Passage  Voyages that brought Africans to the West Indies and North America.  Considered the middle leg of the trade triangle.  Most slaves worked in the fields. Stono Rebellion  In 1739, 20 slaves revolted in the Stono Rebellion.  Many died, others were executed.

Slave Passage uffworks.com/disc overy/ assignment- discovery-the- middle-passage- video.htmhttp://videos.howst uffworks.com/disc overy/ assignment- discovery-the- middle-passage- video.htm

Chapter 3.3 The Commercial North

 Trace the development of a varied and thriving economy in the North.  Explain the diverse society of the North and the tensions that led to witchcraft trials in Salem.  Summarize the influence of the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening.

Life in the North  Main commerce was manufacturing, fishing, and ship building.  Big cities were sprouting up.  Immigrants came from all over Europe.  Slavery did exist, but not near the level of the South.

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Salem Witch Trials  Is this something that could happen in the U.S. today?  Why/Why not?

Enlightenment  New ideas based on science and reason.  Benjamin Franklin  Benjamin Franklin embraced the notion of obtaining truth through experimentation and reasoning.  Enlightenment ideas led many colonists to question the authority of the British Monarchy.

The Great Awakening  A spiritual revival that led many to leave their Puritan, Anglican church for Baptist and Methodist.  com/watch?v=Zt57r Fcpnr4 com/watch?v=Zt57r Fcpnr4  Jonathan Edwards  com/watch?v=u5C u17KVjy4&feature= related com/watch?v=u5C u17KVjy4&feature= related

Great Awakening  Is this the kind of preaching that we are used to today?  Why do you think it was so successful at that time?

Chapter 3.4 The French and Indian War

 Trace the development of the French-British colonial rivalry.  Summarize the French and Indian War.  Explain the war’s effects on the relationship between Britain and its colonies.

French & Indian War  Britain vs. France  Fought between 1754 and  War over land.  Effects  Britain Wins  Proclamation of 1763  Taxes /story.php?storyId=1-9- 6&videoId=1-6-3

Proclamation of 1763  Banned expansion west of the Appalachians.  British did not want further conflicts with Indians.

 Due to the overwhelming cost of the War the British began to tax the Colonies.  Sugar Act  Halved the tax on foreign made molasses.  Placed taxes on certain imports.  Strengthened the enforcement of prosecutions for smuggling.