Moles and Molar Mass. Counting with Moles Mole – amount of a substance that contains 6.02 x 10 23 particles of that substance 1 mole of the following.

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Presentation transcript:

Moles and Molar Mass

Counting with Moles Mole – amount of a substance that contains 6.02 x particles of that substance 1 mole of the following Cu  6.02 x atoms of copper O 2  6.02 x molecules of oxygen NaCl  6.02 x compounds (ions of NaCl)

Molar Mass - mass of one mole – Equals atomic mass on periodic table grams. Carbon – 12 grams Molar Mass of a compound is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a compound – MgCl 2 – C 6 H 12 O 6 – CO 2

Grams to Moles Number of moles = grams of substance/molar mass » N=g/M 55g of C 85g of Mg 34g of NH 3 5g of MgCl 2

Moles to Grams Use Molar mass to find the amount of grams present in the following amounts of moles 3 moles of Lithium 2.5 moles of CO moles of CaCl 2

Moles and Reactions 2H 2 + O 2   2H 2 O 2 dozen molecules of hydrogen and 1 dozen molecules of oxygen form 2 dozen molecules of water. 2 x (6.02 x ) molecules of hydrogen and 1 x (6.02 x ) molecules of oxygen form 2 x (6.02 x ) molecules of water. 2 moles of hydrogen and 1 mole of oxygen form 2 moles of water.

Moles and Reactions The coefficients of balanced equations tell how many particles react And how many moles of particles We can make ratios with those moles 2 Mg + O 2  2 MgO If 2 moles of Mg react, 1 mole of O 2 will be required 2 mol Mg or 1 mol O 2 1 mol O 2 2 mol Mg

Mole ratios Can be used to figure out how many moles of products and reactants were used or made 2H 2 + O 2   2H 2 O If 6 mole of H 2 react, how many moles of water will form? How many moles of hydrogen are needed to react with 3.6 mole of oxygen?

Mole to mole conversions 2 Al 2 O 3  Al + 3O 2 every time we use 2 moles of Al 2 O 3 we make 3 moles of O 2 2 moles Al 2 O 3 3 mole O 2 or 2 moles Al 2 O 3 3 mole O 2

Mole to Mole conversions How many moles of O 2 are produced when 3.34 moles of Al 2 O 3 decompose? 2 Al 2 O 3  Al + 3O moles Al 2 O 3 2 moles Al 2 O 3 3 mole O 2 =5.01 moles O 2

11 When N 2 O 5 is heated, it decomposes: 2N 2 O 5  4NO 2 + O 2 a. How many moles of NO 2 can be produced from 4.3 moles of N 2 O 5 ? b. How many moles of O 2 can be produced from 4.3 moles of N 2 O 5 ? 2N 2 O 5  4NO 2 + O moles X 2N 2 O 5  4NO 2 + O molesX = = 4 moles 2 moles 1 mole

12 When N 2 O 5 is heated, it decomposes: 2N 2 O 5  4NO 2 + O 2 a. How many grams of N 2 O 5 were used if 210g of NO 2 were produced? b grams of N 2 O 5 can produce how many grams of O 2 ? 2N 2 O 5  4NO 2 + O 2 210g X 2N 2 O 5 (g)  4NO 2 (g) + O 2 (g) 75.0 gX Find the molar mass of 2 moles of N 2 O 5 and 4 moles of NO 2. Then set up the given information as before g g = = 31.98g g

Your Turn 2C 2 H O 2  4CO H 2 O If 4 moles of C 2 H 2 are burned, how many moles of O 2 are needed? How many moles of C 2 H 2 are needed to produce 8 mole of H 2 O? If 3 moles of C 2 H 2 are burned, how many moles of CO 2 are formed?