© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 1 Improve Road Safety – Target the Main Cause Effectively UNECE Road Safety Seminar Minsk, 13 May 2009 Jens Hügel Head Sustainable Development

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 2

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 3 Evolution of IRU Membership Created Founder States: Created Founder States: BelgiumDenmarkFranceNetherlands NorwaySwedenUKSwitzerland Members 74 Countries

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 4 Evolution of IRU Structure 1948 IRU founded in Geneva 1973 IRU Permanent Delegation to the EU established in Brussels 1998 IRU Permanent Delegation to the CIS established in Moscow 2005 IRU Permanent Delegation to the Middle East established in Istanbul

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 5 IRU Priorities 2009 – Overview   Sustainable Development Innovation Incentives Infrastructure   Facilitation Trade Tourism Road Transport   Sustainable Development Innovation Incentives Infrastructure   Facilitation Trade Tourism Road Transport These are also the priorities of the IRU Academy

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 6 The Commitment Road safety – Highest priority The IRU supports all measures that improve road safety if if they effectively target the main causes of accidents involving trucks. The IRU supports all measures that improve road safety if if they effectively target the main causes of accidents involving trucks.

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 7 ETAC – A Scientific Study Funded by the European Commission and the IRU   Expert teams investigated on site more than 600 accidents involving trucks over 2 years.   Investigations were based on a scientific, widely accepted and internationally benchmarked methodology.   Expert teams investigated on site more than 600 accidents involving trucks over 2 years.   Investigations were based on a scientific, widely accepted and internationally benchmarked methodology. ETAC – First of its kind!

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 8 ETAC Study - Methodology   Experts cooperate with emergency services.   Expert teams check selection criteria:   - the accident involves at least one truck (over 3.5t)   - the accident resulted in at lest one injured person   - the vehicles are still in their final accident position   Investigation and data collection on spot   Data analysis and data verification   Accident reconstruction   Experts cooperate with emergency services.   Expert teams check selection criteria:   - the accident involves at least one truck (over 3.5t)   - the accident resulted in at lest one injured person   - the vehicles are still in their final accident position   Investigation and data collection on spot   Data analysis and data verification   Accident reconstruction

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 9 ETAC Study – Data Base   describe the accident causation sequence   reconstruct the pre-collision phases   identify critical situations   analyse malfunctions   categorise accident types Identify the main causes of accidents involving trucks   describe the accident causation sequence   reconstruct the pre-collision phases   identify critical situations   analyse malfunctions   categorise accident types Identify the main causes of accidents involving trucks

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 10 Accident Categories Accident Truck and other road user (vehicles and/or pedestrian) 27.0% Accident at intersection 20.6% Accident in queue 19.5% Accident due to lane departure 11.3% Accident after an overtaking manoeuvre 7,4% Single truck

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 11 Main Cause: The human factor 624 accidents showed the main cause of the accident is human error. However, from the 85.2% linked to the human error, 75% were caused by other road users! However, from the 85.2% linked to the human error, 75% were caused by other road users! Source: EU, IRU

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 12 Main cause of an accident: Truck / Other road user The top main causes for accidents between a truck and other road users are, according to the mentioned accident configurations: 1- Non-adapted speed 2- Failure to observe intersection rules, 3- Improper manœuvre when changing lanes. The top main causes for accidents between a truck and other road users are, according to the mentioned accident configurations: 1- Non-adapted speed 2- Failure to observe intersection rules, 3- Improper manœuvre when changing lanes.

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 13 Load and fatigue: NOT a main cause Loss of load, Overload, Unbalance of the load, Insufficient load securing  The load of the truck was the main cause of the accident in only 1.4%.  Despite common belief, fatigue was the main cause in only 6% of the accidents. Loss of load, Overload, Unbalance of the load, Insufficient load securing  The load of the truck was the main cause of the accident in only 1.4%.  Despite common belief, fatigue was the main cause in only 6% of the accidents. ETAC Investigation

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 14 Recommendations Manufacturers & Infrastructure providers/developers Main Human Factors Manufacturers Infrastructure providers/developers 1. Non-adapted speed - Adaptive cruise control - speed control systems related to the used infrastructure -Effective traffic signing - traffic warning regarding speed limits 2. Failure to observe intersection rules -Ultrasonic guard system for collision zones -vehicle to vehicle communication -blind spot mirrors -Improve visibility of traffic signs -effective traffic signing 3. Improper manœuvre when changing lanes -Lane guard system -turning and lane change assistance -traction and stability control system -active roll stabilisation - Special focus on the road surface (road friction)

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 15 Recommendations Governments & Media Main Human Factors GovernmentsMedia 1. Non-adapted speed Increase enforcement regarding non-adapted speed - Increase enforcement regarding non-adapted speed - Awareness campaigns on speeding and safety distance - Objective and fact-based report on accidents’ causes 2. Failure to observe intersection rules - Revising driving school programmes to help understand truck manoeuvres - Awareness campaigns regarding intersection rules - Increase enforcement - Awareness campaigns to explain truck manoeuvres 3. Improper manœuvre when changing lanes - Plan and maintain safe road infrastructure appropriate to current and foreseeable traffic demand Awareness campaigns on: - speeding - safety distance - driving manoeuvres of truck

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 16 Recommendations Truck Drivers & Other road users Main Human Factors Truck Drivers Other Road Users 1. Non-adapted speed - Adapt your speed to traffic and weather conditions - Adapt your speed according to traffic and weather conditions 2. Failure to observe intersection rules - Plan the trip in advance - remember limitations of your visibility - anticipate problems - respect traffic regulations at all time - Increase driving experience by refresher training - respect traffic regulations at all time 3. Improper manœuvre when changing lanes - Increase driving experience by refresher training

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 17 The Minsk Recommendation 1.Don’t talk but act but! don’t do just everything! 2.Analyse the main cause of an accident – the ETAC methodology, database and tools are yours to take! 3.Target the main cause of an accident involving a truck effectively! 1.Don’t talk but act but! don’t do just everything! 2.Analyse the main cause of an accident – the ETAC methodology, database and tools are yours to take! 3.Target the main cause of an accident involving a truck effectively! “ITAC” Int. Truck Accident Causation Study “CIS-TAC” CIS Truck Accident Causation Study

© International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2009 Page 18 5 th Euro-Asia Conference: Almaty June 2009 !

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