DIGESTIVE SYSTEM WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT IT? How long is it? How long does digesting take? “20-30 hours” What is the purpose of the D.S.? How long does it take to digest your food?

Mouth Is Mechanical digestion Teeth – Cuts or Grinds the food Helps you to swallow Saliva - water, breaks down the food through ENZYMES – break down starches into glucose

tongue 1. Balls food to the back of the mouth 2. Helps you swallow 3. taste

pharynx Opening to the throat

Esophagus 12 inches long Muscles push food down.. Like a Snake EPIGLOTTIS flap that blocks food and water from going into the lungs.

Stomach Is Chemical Digestion 3-6 hours Lined in MUCUS (Protects From ACID) Growling is Empty – Stomach Muscles are Contracting GASTRIC JUICES – 1. HYDROCHLORIC ACID: Protects you from bacteria 2. ENZYMES: Break down proteins and carbs into something …called

BREAKS THE FOOD INTO CHYME CHYME GOES TO THE SMALL INTESTINE MAIN FUNCTION OF THE STOMACH… BREAK THE FOOD DOWN…LIKE A FOOD PROCESSOR

SMALL INTESTINE 3-5 hours 18 – 23 FEET LONG 1 inch in diameter Function: 1 Chemical Digestion 2 Absorption of Nutrients are completed Villi = Tiny fingers contains tiny blood vessels(capillaries) absorb nutrients into the blood stream Tennis court worth of absorbing power.

Large intestine 5 feet long 2.5 inches in diameter Fiber and other materials that are not broken down go here and absorbed Water absorbed into intestinal wall Chyme …becomes FECES

Rectum anus Final phase of the digestive system. Feces comes out of the rectum

Kidneys Kidneys The filter system of the body. Kidneys filter waste out of the blood and most liquid is re- absorbed into the blood stream. 1 % is not useful and goes to the bladder as urine.

LIVER It acts as a warehouse where the blood takes all the nutrients. Weights 3 ½ pounds Produces BILE = breaks down fat (remember fat does not dissolve in blood or water)

BILE Made in the Liver 1. Sent to the Gallbladder 2. To the small Intestine and breaks down fat. 3. Then takes FAT to the walls of the Sm. Int. and absorbed into the blood stream

Pancreas Makes insulin – and helps regulate sugar levels Makes Enzymes that react to the chyme

Gallbladder Stores Bile and sends it to the small intestine (acts as a warehouse)

Tips to take care of D.S. 1. Chew slowly 2. Brush and Floss 3. Exercise 4. Nutritious food…fiber foods