Chapter 12 Review “China in the Middle Ages”

1. Zheng He was most known for what action? Traveling on 7 oversea voyages for the Ming Dynasty.

2. Military leaders who run a government are called? Warlords

3. Yangdi is most known for rebuilding the Great Wall and building what other structure? Grand Canal

4. Taizong was the most powerful emperor during the Tang Dynasty. What three things is he most remembered for? 1.Restored civil service exams. 2.Gave land back to farmers. 3.Brought peace to countryside.

5. The only woman in Chinese history to rule the countryside on her own was: Empress Wu

6. Beautiful characters made with a brush and ink and regularly found on artwork is known as: Calligraphy

7. The man given credit for uniting the Mongol tribes was: Genghis Khan

8. A Ming reform which can count a population for tax reasons was known as a: Census

9. Besides silk being a major production during the Ming reforms, what other product really begins to take off? Cotton

10. Zhu Yuanzhang reunites China and makes which city his capital? Nanjing

11. The term treason means what? Disloyalty to your government.

12. When Yong Le moves the capital from Nanjing to Beijing, he builds a part of the city for palaces and government buildings. What is this part of the city known as? Imperial City

13. Genghis Khan was first known as Temujin. What did this name mean? Blacksmith

14. The explorer/adventurer from Italy who wrote/told stories about his travels was? Marco Polo

15. During Mongol rule, which civilization was forced into building warships and trading ships? Koreans

16. What was the number one fear tactic of Asia during this time period? Gunpowder

17. The name Genghis Khan means what? Strong Ruler

18. Mongols are most known for which two things? Horseback riding and waging war.

19. Uncivilized people in ancient times have been called: Barbarians

20. The Chinese emperor who built both the Imperial and Forbidden Cities inside Beijing is: Yong Li

21. Emperor Yangdi is killed after a revolt by his angry farmers. This event brings an end to which Dynasty? Sui Dynasty

22. The Tang Dynasty lasted for about how many years? 300 years

23. Which two groups of people brought Buddhism to China? Traders and missionaries.

24. A place of religion for meditation and worship are known as: Monasteries

25. The system of rules for being good and that life is just as important as after-life is known as: Neo-Confucianism

26. Name one of the four advances as to why farming improved in a growing Chinese economy. 1.Irrigation 2.Crop Growing 3.Tea 4.Rice (Grows in poor soil)

27. Name three products that China traded: Tea, steel, paper, porcelain, silk, cotton.

28. Name three different locations in which Zheng He traveled with his fleet of ships. Southeast Asia, India, Arabia, East Africa

29. Name three reforms that took place during the Ming Dynasty. Restored civil service examinations. Census = Count of population, can collect more taxes. Ordered canals/farms to be rebuilt. Planted new forests, paved new roads. Grew crops, silk and cotton industry becomes big.

30. During the reign of Genghis Khan and his sons they conquered many different cultures, yet at the same time they adopted many of these cultures traits. Give three examples of this. Languages, religions, music, food, clothing, inventions.

31. Even though the Mongols were mainly Buddhist, what did they allow in their empire? Other religions to take place.

32. What were the two reasons as to why the Mongol Empire collapsed and the Ming Dynasty evolved? Series of poor leaders and rebellions from both Chinese/Mongol civilians.

33. The Manchus originated from which area? Manchuria

34. The attacking, robbing and burning of cities during Mongol domination created a form of terror which ended up causing people to do what? Surrender before fighting.

35. Which civilization finally stops the Mongols from traveling further west? Egyptians

36. Dou Fu was a poet who wrote very serious poems. Why did he do this? Was a poor civil servant, had a rough life.

37. Most Chinese paintings were of landscapes. What did they do on purpose and why? Left spaces in them, unsure of what is really out in the world.

38. What was the name given to the earliest form of a Chinese gun? Fire Lance

39. The name of the invention which made the process of making copies at a fast pace were called a: Printing Press

40. Give a reason as to why people switch from burning wood to coal during this time period. 1.Wood is very scarce, so they must switch. 2.Coal could make warmer temperatures and produce stronger steel.

Possible Essay Questions What is Genghis Khan most known for? Name the three important actions he carried out while in control. What did his victories bring to the Mongols? Who replaced him when he died? Were they successful, how do we know this? ANSWER: Uniting Mongol tribes, 1. New law code. 2. Tribal Chiefs = Help plan military campaigns. 3. Fought to conquer any land he could beyond Mongolia. Victories brought wealth and new troops. Four sons replaced him. They were successful continued expanding empire west.

Possible Essay Questions Emperor Yong Le sent official Zheng He on how many oversea voyages? Name two places he and his fleet traveled. Name two products they traded and two they received. What are the three main reasons why the voyages were brought to an end? ANSWERS ON NEXT PAGE…………………..

Answers: 7 oversea voyages Southeast Asia, India, Arabia, East Africa. What did Zheng He Trade/Receive? - Silk, paper, porcelain Silver, spices, wood, animals (giraffes) End of Voyages 1. Cost 2. Confucianism = People thought Chinese were making profit for themselves, not others. 3. Ships are destroyed, trade decreases, shipbuilding is forgotten.

Possible Essay Question Name three important inventions from the Chinese Middle Ages. Explain what each is and the importance of each in China and throughout the world. 1.Large ships with rudders = Traveling against wind for trading, exploring, selling, war. 2.Gunpowder = Explosive, scare off others for intimidation. 3.Fire Lance = Early form of gun, weapon for defense. 4.Fireworks = Beautiful, yet intimidating at the same time.