Unit 10 ITT TECHNICAL INSTITUTE NT1330 Client-Server Networking II Date: 2/24/2016 Instructor: Williams Obinkyereh

Class Agenda 1 Learning Objectives Lesson Presentation, Discussions and video. Assignments and Lab Activities. Break Times as per School regulation Note: Submit all Assignment and labs due today.

Class Agenda 2 Theory : Unit 8:00pm-8:00pm) Lab : (8:15pm to 11:00pm) Windows Server 2008 Active Directory Configuration MOAC Lesson 11

Active Directory Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Disaster Recovery Lesson 11

Skills Matrix Technology SkillObjective DomainObjective # Backing Up Active Directory Configure backup and recovery 5.1 Maintaining Active Directory Perform offline maintenance 5.2 Using the Reliability and Performance Monitor Monitor Active Directory5.3

Maintaining Active Directory After successfully implementing a Microsoft Windows Server 2008 environment, it is important to develop maintenance procedures to keep it running smoothly. A solid monitoring and maintenance plan can prevent potential problems.

Maintaining Active Directory Active Directory is a database based on the Extensible Storage Engine (ESE) format. –Responsible for managing changes to the Active Directory database. –Changes are referred to as transactions. –Active Directory writes the transaction to the Transaction log file (edb.log). –Active Directory updates the edb.chk checkpoint file (A reference for database information written to disk).

Fragmentation.As modifications are made to the database, fragmentation can occur. As the database becomes more fragmented, searches for database information slow down and performance deteriorates. –The potential exists for database corruption.

Defragmentation Defragmentation is the process of taking fragmented database pieces and rearranging them contiguously to make the entire database more efficient. Active Directory has two defragmentation methods: –online defragmentation. –offline defragmentation.

Online Defragmentation The advantage of an online defragmentation is that it occurs automatically and does not require the server to be offline to run. An online defragmentation does not reduce the actual size of the Active Directory database.

Offline Defragmentation Offline defragmentation is a manual process that defragments the Active Directory database in addition to reducing its size. Offline defragmentation requires that the server be taken offline so that the Active Directory database is closed and not in use. An offline defragmentation cannot run while the AD DS service is running.

Backing Up Active Directory One of the most essential duties of an administrator is ensuring that data and operating system information is backed up in case of a failure. Procedures that include the frequency of backups in addition to the type of information that needs to be backed up should be planned and implemented in every organization.

Backing Up Active Directory To back up Active Directory, you must install the Windows Server Backup feature from the Server Manager console. If you wish to perform backups from the command line, you will also need to install Windows PowerShell Windows Server Backup supports the use of CD and DVD drives as backup destinations, but does not support magnetic tapes as backup media. Additionally, you cannot perform backups to dynamic volumes.

Backing up Active Directory Windows Server 2008 supports two types of backup: –Manual backup. –Scheduled backup. Must be a member of the Administrators group or the Backup Operators group to launch a manual backup.

Backing Up Active Directory Backing up critical volumes involves backing up the following data: –The system volume, which hosts the boot files, which consist of bootmgr.exe (the Windows boot loader) and the Boot Configuration Data (BCD) store, which describes boot applications and boot application settings and replaces the boot.ini file in previous versions of Windows. –The boot volume, which hosts the Windows operating system and the Registry. –The volume that hosts the SYSVOL share. –The volume that hosts the Active Directory database (Ntds.dit). –The volume that hosts the Active Directory database log files.

Backing Up Active Directory

Restoring Active Directory Windows Server 2008 offers the ability to restore the Active Directory database. –Restoring Active Directory using normal replication. –Restoring Active Directory using wbadmin and ntdsutil.

Monitoring Active Directory Monitoring the Active Directory service is an important part of network administration. Monitoring enables you to take a proactive approach to network management. By raising the awareness of possible network problems before they occur, you have better control over their impact.

Monitoring Active Directory Monitoring Active Directory can provide the following benefits: –Early alerts to potential problems. –Improved system reliability. –Fewer support calls to the helpdesk. –Improved system performance.

Event Logs Windows Server 2008 uses the Windows Event Viewer to record system events, such as security, application, and directory service events. Directory Services logs: –Events related to Active Directory are recorded in the Directory Service log. –.It logs informational events such as service start and stop messages, errors, and warnings. –This log should be the first place you look when you suspect a problem with Active Directory.

Event Logs

Reliability and Performance Monitor The Reliability and Performance Monitor is a tool located within the Administrative Tools folder that will collect real-time information on your local computer or from a specific computer to which you have permissions. –This information can be viewed in a number of different formats that include charts, graphs, and histograms. –The reports can be saved or printed for documentation purposes.

Reliability and Performance Monitor

Active Directory Diagnostic Tools

Unit 10 Assignments and Labs Assignment: Unit 10. Assignment 1. AD Disaster Recovery Planning Scenario Lab: Unit 10. Lab 1. TBD Exercise: Unit 10. Exercise 1. AD Troubleshooting Scenario: Troubleshooting Tools