AIM: How does the nervous system function? A. Parts of the Nervous System 1. Neurons – the basic cellular unit of the nervous system a. Sensory neurons.

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Presentation transcript:

AIM: How does the nervous system function?

A. Parts of the Nervous System 1. Neurons – the basic cellular unit of the nervous system a. Sensory neurons transmit impulses from sense organ to the central nervous system. b. Interneurons interpret and relay nerve impulses between sensory and motor neuron. c. Motor Neurons transmit impulses from the CNS to the effectors (muscles)

2. The Central Nervous System The brain The spinal cord

a. Brain is responsible for controlling and coordinating most of the activities of humans 1. Cerebrum is the center of voluntary activities, memory and learning 2. Cerebellum coordinates motor activities and helps in maintaining balance. 3. Medulla oblongata controls involuntary activities such as breathing, heartbeat, blood pressure and peristalsis.

The structures labeled A, B, and C regulate a.heart rate and sleep. b.body temperature. c.breathing rate. d.All of the above

coordinates between the brain and the other body structures b. Spinal Cord coordinates between the brain and the other body structures

3. The Peripheral Nervous System a. It consists of the nerves extending throughout the body.

B. Reflex & Reflex Arc 1. Reflex is a quick automatic response to a stimulus 2. Reflex arc is the pathway that an impulse travels. a. Impulse is the message carried by the neuron. b. The transmission of the impulse is very quick. c. Transmission of an Impulse Sensory Neuron InterneuronMotor Neuron Stimulated by sensory receptors Spinal cord

You go to a doctor for a checkup. He or she uses a rubber hammer to hit your knee. Your leg jumps when the doctor hits it. Trace the path the sensory information followed when the doctor hit your knee.

Why is it an advantage to you to have reflexes?

Use numbers to order the steps that occur when you run an iron over your hand accidentally. ______You aren't paying attention when you run the iron over your hand. ______Muscles of your hand contract, responding to the impulses. ______Interneurons relay impulses to motor neurons. ______Motor neurons relay impulses to muscles of your hand. ______Sensory neurons in your hand send messages to interneurons. ______You pull your hand away from the iron and scream.

C. Nervous System Disorders 1. Cerebral Palsy is a congenital disease characterized by a disturbance of motor functions.

2. Meningitis is the inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

3. Polio is a viral disease which may result to paralysis and is preventable through immunization