Venous Thromboembolic (VTE) Prophylaxis in Pediatric Trauma Patients Bowe
Outline: Venous thromboembolism -- Adult population Venous thromboembolism -- Peds population Trauma population Chest guidelines
VTE: hospitalized adult population Geerts et al. Chest 2004
VTE: hospitalized adult population Risk Factors: -Central venous lines -Immobility -Malignancy -Major surgery -Medical illness -Sepsis -Trauma Complications: -Death -- 10% of all hospital deaths -Embolism -- PE, stroke -Clot burden/progression -- SVC syndrome -Recurrence -Post-thrombotic syndrome
VTE: pediatric population -Canadian Registry of Venous Thromboembolic Complications -- first analysis 1994
VTE: pediatric population Incidence: -Hospitalized population 5.3 per General population 0.7 per * CVL associated w/20% of all VTEs
VTE: pediatric trauma ,078 pediatric trauma patients -- PHIS database -Age 0-18yrs -Identified those diagnosed with DVT or PE -Identified enoxaparin use via pharmacy codes
VTE: pediatric trauma Associated w/increased use of enoxaparin: -CVL -Pelvic or long bone fx -ICU length of stay -Level 1 trauma designation Associated w/increased VTE: -CVL -Pelvic fx -ICU length of stay
VTE: pediatric trauma
VTE: other populations -Central venous catheter use -Inflammatory bowel disease -Inherited coagulopathy -Malignancy -Orthopedic population
Sources: Andrew M, David M, Adams M, et al. Venous thromboembolic complications in children: first analyses of the Canadian Registry of VTE. Blood 1994; 83: Askgard-Giesmann, O’Brien SH, Kenney BD. Increased use of enoxaparin in pediatric trauma patients. Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2012; 47:980-3 Azu MC, Lee TK. Venous thromboembolic events in pediatric trauma patients: is prophylaxis necessary? J Trauma 2005; David M, Andrew M. Venous thromboembolic complications in children. J Pediatr 1993; 123: Guy Y. New anticoagulants in children: A review of recent studies and a look to the future. Thrombosis research 2010; Moreno, PL. The ICU Book. Venous thromboembolism. 2007; Truitt AK, Sorrells DL, Halvorson E, Luks FI, et al. Pulmonary embolism: which pediatric trauma patients are at risk? J Pediatr Surg 2005; Vavilala MS, Nathens AB, Jurkovich GJ, et al. Risk factors for venous thromboembolism in pediatric trauma. J Trauma 2002;52:922-7.