London in brief Меркулова Елена Анатольевна Учитель английского языка МОУ СОШ №22 г. Оленегорск Мурманской области Презентация для уроков, элективных или внеклассных занятий по английскому языку для 9-11 классов

The City of London, known simply as the City which is the business and financial heart of the United Kingdom. The City of Westminster, where Parliament and most of the government offices are located, also Buckingham Palace, the official London residence of the Queen and the Royal family are located there too. London is made up of two ancient cities which are now joined together

Legend says that London was founded not by the Romans of the 1st century AD, but in a far more ancient time by Brutus the Trojan, around 1070 BC, about 1000 years before the Roman invasion. London is in the southeast of England and it is the biggest city in Britain and in Europe, it occupies over 620 square miles. London has a population of 7,172,036 (2001) and about 12 per cent of Britain's overall population live in London. London is the seat of central government in Britain.

London has the highest population density in Britain, with 4,699 people per square kilometers. London is in the southeast of England. London is the seat of central government in Britain. The tallest building in London is the Canary Wharf Tower. London was the first city in the world to have an underground railway, known as the 'Tube'. Some of the most important people from countries all over the world visit the Queen at Buckingham Palace. There are over 100 theatres in London, including 50 in the West End. London theatre accounts for 45% of all UK theatre admissions and over 70% of box-office revenues.

London attracts very large numbers of visitors and tourists and can be an expensive place to visit. However, there is still much you can see and do for free. Tourist attractions are mainly in Central London. Buckingham Palace is the Queen's official and main royal London home. It has been the official London residence of Britain's monarchy since Queen Westminster Abbey is just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is one of the oldest buildings in London and one of the most important religious centres in the country.

Tower Bridge has stood over the River Thames in London since 1894 and is one of the finest, most recognisable bridges in the World. It is the London bridge you tend to see in movies and on advertising literature for London. Tower Bridge is the only Thames bridge which can be raised. Trafalgar Square was designed by Sir Charles Barry. It was constructed in the 1840s on the site that was originally the Royal Mews for hawks and then royal stables.

The British Airways London Eye (Millennium Wheel) stands 135 metres (443 feet) high on the South Bank of the River Thames between Westminster and Hungerford Bridges. It is the world's highest observation wheel. St Paul's Cathedral seen today was built between 1675 and 1711 by Sir Christopher Wren. The foudation stone was laid in 1675 when Wren was 43 years old, and the last stone was put in lace by his son 35 years later. The original Norman cathedral, destoyed in the Great Fire of London of 1666, was even larger than Wren's new building and must have dwarfed the medieval city.

The main influence on English climate is their close proximity to the Atlantic Ocean. July and August are normally the warmest month in England. Around the coasts, February is normally the coldest month, but inland there is little to choose between January and February as the coldest month. The island is small compared with the other land masses in the northern hemisphere - hence Britain is more influenced by the ocean compared with other European countries, and the Gulf Stream helps to keep winters milder compared with other landlocked nations with a similar latitude.

Not only are they, in the words of Napoleon, 'a nation of shopkeepers', Britains are also a country of compulsive shoppers. They love to shop! It is our number one leisure activity and accounts for around 37% of all money spent in England. The main shopping street in many towns is called the High Street, where you should head for if you want to go shopping. A few small shops are owned by local people.

In London there are single decker and double decker buses. You can see them in our towns and cities. They use coaches for travelling longer distances or for going on school outings. The red double decker buses (pictured below) are famous all over the world. You can see loads of them in London. The main places a bus goes to are shown on the front of the bus. Some double-deckers have automatic doors and you pay the driver when you go in. On single-deckers you sometimes buy your ticket from a machine in the bus. Most London buses have a conductor who will come round and collect fares. There are many sightseeing, open top, buses in London and other cities.

The British currency is the pound sterling. The sign for the pound is GBP = Great British Pound Sterling banknotes are the banknotes of the United Kingdom and British Islands, denominated in pounds sterling (GBP). £5 (five pounds) £10 (10 pounds) £20 (twenty pounds) £50 (fifty pounds)

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