Baroque in Holland and Flanders. Warm-Up Write: “Free Rice Quiz” in your warm up Get into teams of five in 20 seconds You need to get 2 of 3 to get a.

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Presentation transcript:

Baroque in Holland and Flanders

Warm-Up Write: “Free Rice Quiz” in your warm up Get into teams of five in 20 seconds You need to get 2 of 3 to get a point! GO!

Historical Context 1581, six northern provinces led by William the Silent declared their independence from Spain –Spain reclaims southern Netherlands (Flanders) The Dutch gain independence after the Thirty Years’ War in 1648 Religion is Reformed Protestant (Calvin) and is iconoclastic –What 2 effects does this produce in Holland?

Characteristics M eaning: Everyday life is idealized and rosy A esthetic : simple objects, real people and vanitas arrangments predominate. Open brush strokes, earthen tones and warm schemes, impasto and painterly R eason: Life is fleeting, focus on the impression and the vanity of an object. Enjoy the people and human interaction. C ontext: Religious work is couched in the Baroque understanding of human experession

Peter Paul Rubens –Born to a prominent Antwerp Protestant who fled to Germany to escape Spanish persecution –Converts to Catholicism Studies in Italy in 1600 –8 years absorbing the Renaissance, Caravaggio and Carracci Court Painter in Flanders (1608) Theme: The Whole Universe is a stage

Raising of the Cross, 1610 Oil on panel, 460 x 340 cm (centre panel), 460 x 150 cm (wings) O.-L. Vrouwekathedraal, Antwerp

Marie de Medici, Queen of France Peter Paul Rubens about 1622 Oil on canvas, 130 x 108 cm Madrid, Museo del Prado

Anthony Van Dyck Flemish Baroque Artist ( ) –Like most Baroque artists, develops his style after touring Italy –Considered himself a history painter –Famous for London Portraits of Royalty Portrait of Charles I Hunting. ñ Oil on canvas. Musee du Louvre, Paris

Rinaldo and Armida Oil on canvas, x 229 cm. The Baltimore Museum of Art.

Jan Bruegel the Elder Son of Pieter Bruegel the Elder from the Mannerist tradition Focuses on allegorical landscapes typical of Northern painters –Maintains the inverted perspective of Mannerist painters Used Oil on Copper

Allegory of Earth Oil on copper, 46 x 67 cm. Musee du Louvre, Paris

Frans Snyder, Market Stall The Art Institute of Chicago

Monday: Hals, Rembrandt, Vermeer – Tuesday: Intro to French Baroque, de La Tour and Poussin – Wednesday: Royal Academy, Louvre, Versailles, St. Paul – Thursday: Intro to Rococo, Watteau, Hogarth – Friday: Italian Rococo – Weekly Breakdown

Utrecht School Travels to Holland from Antwerp through Rubens –From Ruben’s own association with Carravaggio Strongly Catholic Utrecht prefers the lay Christian realism of Caravaggio over Carracci The School is responsible for preserving the style for future masters such as Hals, Rembrandt, and Vermeer

Hendrick Terbrugghen. The Calling of St. Matthew Oil on canvas, x cm. Centraal Museum, Utrecht

Frans Hals Portrait painter in Haarlem ( ) Ruben’s robust characters with Caravaggio’s dramatic moment focus Twinkling eyes, open face, crooked smiles, or contrasting austerity Malle Babbe. ñ Oil on canvas. 75 x 63.5 cm. Gemaldegalerie, Berlin

The Jolly Toper Oil on canvas. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

The Women Regents of the Old Men's Home at Haarlem Oil on canvas, x 249 cm. Frans Halsmuseum, Haarlem

Rembrandt van RijnRembrandt van Rijn

Rembrandt: A Summary Dutch Painter and Etcher, –Contact with Caravaggio through Utrecht School –Started as a portrait painter –Rises as large, group portrait painter –Matures as an expressive, yet classical portrait artist with open brush work “A painting is not made to be sniffed.”

Rembrandt: Knowledge Try to put well in practice what you already know; and in so doing, you will in good time, discover the hidden things which you now inquire about. Practice what you know, and it will help to make clear what now you do not know.

Self Portrait with a Cap, openmouthed, Etching, 1630

The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp Oil on Canvas, The Hague

Rembrandt van Rijn. The Blinding of Samson Oil on canvas, 2.4 x 3 m. Stadelsches Kunstinstitut, Frankfurt

Belsazar's Feast, 1635

Rembrandt van Rijn. The Night Watch (The Company of Captain Trans Banning Cocg) Oil on canvas, 3.8 x 4.4 m. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Rembrandt, Christ Preaching (La petite Tombe), c etching, engraving, and drypoint plate: 15.4 x 20.7 cm (6 1/16 x 8 1/8 in.) sheet: 15.9 x 21.1 cm (6 1/4 x 8 5/16 in.)

Rembrandt van Rijn. Self- Portrait Oil on canvas, x cm. The Frick Collection, New York

Rembrandt van Rijn. The Return of the Prodigal Son. c Oil on canvas, 2.6 x2.1 m. Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg

Johannes Vermeer Dutch painter ( ) –Focuses on domestic interior scenes of middle class life –Category: Genre Painting –Mediocre popularity gives way to obscurity after death –Discovered again the 19 th century

Major Events/Disasters Delft Thunderclap (1654) –30 tonnes of gunpowder explode and destroy half the city –100 people killed, thousands wounded Outbreak of plague ( ) “Year of Disaster” (1672) –3 rd Anglo-Dutch War –Franco-Dutch War –Dismantling of the Dutch Republic

Jan Vermeer. The Letter Oil on canvas, 43.3 x 38.3 cm. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Jan Vermeer. Pearl Earring Oil on canvas, 43.3 x 38.3 cm. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam