FSMS 7 th Grade Social Studies; Unit 2 Change: U. S. Military Involvement in SWA Gulf Wars I & II + War on Terror Georgia Standard SS7H2(d)

Standard SS7H2 The student will analyze continuity and change in Southwest Asia (Middle East) leading to the 21 st century. (d) Explain U.S. presence and interest in Southwest Asia; include the Persian Gulf conflict, invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq.

AGENDA Message: After-school tutoring to from 4p-5. Standard: The U.S. military presence in SWA including the Persian Gulf conflict and invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan. E.Q. Wednesday; 10/7/15: What is the definition for terrorism. Warm Up: What was “Operation Desert Storm”? TODAY WE WILL: 1. The history of the Gulf Wars in Iraq, the War in Afghanistan & the policy of the War on Terror. 2. SWA History Time-Line

E.Q. Answer for Wednesday October 7, 2015: Terrorist groups are extremist people who believe in something so much, they are willing to use violence to achieve their goal. Warm-Up Answer: The Persian Gulf War, codenamed Operation Desert Storm for operations leading to the buildup of United Nations coalition of troops to force Iraq out of neighboring oil rich Kuwait.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. The War on Terror The terrorist group, al-Qaeda, carried out the 9/11 (2001) attacks on New York. Osama bin Laden led al-Qaeda and was the mastermind behind the attacks. Al-Qaeda’s interpretation of Islam calls for expelling foreigners from the holy lands (primarily Saudi Arabia). It also seeks to overthrow what it sees as corrupt governments in Southwest Asia.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. The War on Terror cont. To accomplish these goals, al-Qaeda also calls for the destruction of any government it feels supports these corrupt countries. Among the nations it hopes to destroy are Israel, the United States, and our European allies among others.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. The War on Terror cont. As a response to 9/11, President George W. Bush declared a new U.S. policy termed “the War on Terror”. Policy stated that the United States would go after foreign terrorists rather than waiting for them to attack us again.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. Terrorism in the Middle East Because SWA is filled with so much religious and political history, people there are very passionate about their beliefs. Sometimes people can take these beliefs to harmful extremes.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. Terrorism in the Middle East Terrorist groups are extremist people who believe in something so much, they are willing to use violence to achieve their goal. Terrorism is a large problem in Southwest Asia.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. Terrorism in the Middle East Here are some of the most dangerous terrorist groups. 1. Al Qaeda (Afghanistan) 2. Al-Jihad (Egypt) 3. Abu Nidal Organization (Iraq) 4. Hezbollah (Lebanon)

U.S Presence and Interest cont. Terrorism in the Middle East Al Qaeda: Its goals are to create Islamic governments all over the world and to get rid of western influences in Muslim countries. Al-Jihad: Its goal is to overthrow the Egyptian government and replace it with an Islamic state.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. Terrorism in the Middle East Abu Nidal Organization: Its goal is to create a Palestinian state in place of Israel. Hezbollah: Its goal is to gain power in Lebanon to oppose Israel & Middle East peace agreements.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. Afghanistan War Intelligence sources identified an organization known as Al-Qaeda, or the Force, as the group of terrorists that planned and carried out the attack on the Twin Towers on 9/11. Its leader, Osama bin-Laden, was born in Saudi Arabia. His family was very wealthy and he used his money to finance this organization.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. Afghanistan War cont. One of the aims of Al-Qaeda is to bring about an end to western influence in the Middle East. Intelligence sources in the United States government believed that the radical Muslim government of Afghanistan, the Taliban, allowed Al-Qaeda to hide in the mountains of their country.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. Afghanistan War cont. The United States launched a series of attacks on these mountain hideouts in October 2001 in an attempt to capture bin-Laden and destroy his organization. United States troops were also sent in and the Afghanistan government of the Taliban collapsed.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. Afghanistan War cont. Since 2001, the United States military have continued fighting in Afghanistan in an attempt to find and destroy The Al-Qaeda organization. The United States is also working to help the people of Afghanistan reorganize their government. Osama bin Laden was finally killed in a raid on his compound on May 2, 2011 by U.S. Special Forces.

AGENDA Message: Enjoy your Fall Break. This week’s E.Q.’s & Warm-Ups will be due Tuesday October 13 th. Standard: The U.S. military presence in SWA including the Persian Gulf conflict and invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan. E.Q. Thursday; 10/8/15: Why did the U.S. bomb and invade Afghanistan in 2001? Warm Up: Why did the U.S. and the United Nation’s coalition go to war with Iraq in 1991? TODAY WE WILL: 1. 2 nd Iraq War & the history of the War on Terror in Afghanistan.

E.Q. Answer for Thursday October 8 th : Intelligence sources in the United States government believed that the radical Muslim government of Afghanistan, the Taliban, allowed Al-Qaeda to hide in the mountains of their country. The United States launched a series of attacks on these mountain hideouts in October 2001 in an attempt to capture bin-Laden and destroy his organization. Warm-Up Answer: In 2003, the United States launched an invasion of Iraq, after claiming that the Iraqi government led by Saddam Hussein, was developing weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and offering aid to groups like Al-Qaeda.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. 2 nd Iraq War In 2003, the United States launched an invasion of Iraq, after claiming that the Iraqi government led by Saddam Hussein, was developing nuclear weapons (weapons of mass destruction or WMD*) and offering aid to groups like Al- Qaeda. The United States called this 2 nd Iraq military action “Operation Iraqi Freedom”. *Nuclear or Atomic bombs, nerve/poisonous gas, or biologic agents that cause sickness and death.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. 2 nd Iraq War The government of Saddam Hussein collapsed quickly because many of the Iraqis also felt he was a cruel leader. However, problems followed as the United States did not have a plan ready to help reorganize and rebuild the country once the old government was gone.

U.S Presence and Interest cont. Iraq War cont. American forces remained in Iraq until 2011, trying to stop the fighting between; 1. Religious groups (Sunni and Shia), and 2. Ethnic groups (Arabs and Kurds) Each of whom are competing with each other for power as they try to organize a new government.

AGENDA Message AGENDA Message: Social Studies Progress reports go home TODAY! Return Progress Reports Thursday signed by parents to receive a grade of 100! Standard Standard: The U.S. military presence in SWA including the Persian Gulf conflict and invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan. E.Q. Wednesday; 9/30/15 E.Q. Wednesday; 9/30/15: Who was Osama bin Laden? Warm Up: Warm Up: After the holocaust experience of the Jews in WWII how did the rest of the world feel about the Jewish people? TODAY WE WILL TODAY WE WILL: 1. Creation of the modern state of Israel 2. Progress Reports

E.Q. Answer for Wednesday, September 30 th : The leader of the terrorist group Al Qaeda who attacked the World Trade Center on September 11, Warm-Up Answer: The world felt sympathy for the horrors experienced by the Jewish people during WWII. As a result the wanted to help them achieve the dream of returning to Zion, the Israel described in the Bible.

AGENDA Message: Deadline for turning in late/missing assignments and/or re-taking quizzes is Tues. Oct. 6 th. Homework Chapter 22 due tomorrow, Friday. Standard: The U.S. military presence in SWA including the Persian Gulf conflict and invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan. E.Q. Thursday; 10/1/15: Why did the U.S. invade Afghanistan? Warm Up: Why did Iraq invade Kuwait? TODAY WE WILL: 1. Finish creation of the modern state of Israel 2. Homework Chapter 22 “Israel Brand New Country”

E.Q. Answer for Thursday October 1 st : An extreme religious sect known as the Taliban was rising in power in Afghanistan. The anti-American Taliban was thought to be sheltering the terrorist group Al-Qaeda and its leader, Osama bin Laden. Warm-Up: Iraq’s dictator, Saddam Hussein, wanted to control Kuwait’s many oil fields and have more access to the Persian Gulf.

AGENDA Message: Last day to turn in missing assignments, correct failed grades, or re-take failed quizzes is October 6 th. 1 st nine-weeks Report Cards go home on Monday October 19 th. Standard: The U.S. military presence in SWA including the Persian Gulf conflict and invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan. E.Q. Friday; 10/2/15: How long did the war in Afghanistan last? Warm Up: How many wars has Israel fought since its creation in 1948? TODAY WE WILL: 1. Complete creation of the modern state of Israel 2. Start the U.S. involvement in Middle East Wars

E.Q. Answer for Friday October 2 nd : The war in Afghanistan started on October 7, 2001 and officially ended on December 28, 2014 marking the end to the longest war in U.S. history. It lasted for just over thirteen years. Warm-Up: Israel has faced as many as 12 wars and various uprisings since it was created by a vote of the United Nations in 1948.