Ubiquitous and Pervasive Computing

MY DEFINTION OF PERVASIVE COMPUTING Pervasive computing describes the trend that connected computational devices become interwoven with artefacts in our everyday life. Hence processing, sensing, activation, and communication are embedded into devices and environments making computing an integral part of our daily life. CS / Psych 67502

3 Definitions Ubiquitous computing is the method of enhancing computer use by making many computers available throughout the physical environment, but making them effectively invisible to the user – Mark Weiser Ubiquitous computing, or calm technology, is a paradigm shift where technology becomes virtually invisible in our lives. -- Marcia Riley (Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta.)

INTRODUCTION TO PERVASIVE COMPUTING Pervasive computing synonymously called ubiquitous computing. It is the third wave in computing. Goes beyond the realm of personal computers The goal of pervasive computing is to create a network of intelligent devices that cooperatively and autonomously collect, process and transport information Pervasive computing promises to make life simpler via digital environments that sense,adapt and respond to human needs. CS / Psych 67504

Computing Evolution

AIM:

CS / Psych DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TRADITIONAL NETWORKING AND PERVASIVE COMPUTING Rather than using networks to connect computers, appliances communicate over network such that people do not directly monitor the communication. i.e. human is not included at any point

The Trends in Computing Technology 1970s 1990s Late 1990s Now and Tomorrow ?

How many computer* will you use in 20 years while having breakfast? *what is a computer anyway… n

Pervasive Computing Era

SCENARIOS OF PERVASIVE COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY 11

CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPONENTS USED IN PERVASIVE COMPUTING Small size, inexpensive processors with limited memory and little or no persistent storage. They will connect to other computing elements without the direct intervention of users. Often, they will be connected by wireless networks. They will be used as source of information into the center of the network to which they are attached.

PERSPECTIVE OF PERVASIVE COMPUTING It can also be seen as the technology that is a combination of: -Wearable computing technology -Internet technology -Invisible computing technology -Mobile computing technology

APPLICATIONS OF PERVASIVE COMPUTING Cell phones will ask the landline phone what its telephone number is and will forward our calls to it. Remote computers will monitor our health statistics and will determine when one is in trouble and will take appropriate action for rescue. Amplifiers will be implanted and used in the inner ear. New machines that scan, probe, penetrate enhance our bodies will be used CS / Psych

APPLICATIONS (CONTD.) Cars will use the Internet to find an open parking space or the nearest vegetarian restaurant for their owners or to allow the manufacturer to diagnose problems before they happen, and either inform the owner of the needed service or automatically install the necessary (software) repair. Wrist watches will monitor our sugar. CS / Psych

Internet Kitchen Internet refrigerator and cooking appliance Download recipes from web directly to device CS / Psych

Ubicomp Notions Computing capabilities, any time, any place to every one. “Invisible” resources. Machines sense users’ presence and act accordingly. CS / Psych Automatic hand soap dispenser

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EXAMPLES CS / Psych

Context‐awareness, tracking, a nd activity recognition Room that knows who is inside, where and what they do Phone that knows that you don’t want to be disturbed Trousers that know your current activity (walking, sitting, cycling, …) 2008‐05‐30 ‐ Albrecht Schmidt - LeoTech - „Altern, Technik, Produkte, Dienstleistungen“10

Pervasive/Ubiquitous Computing Move beyond desktop machine Computing is embedded everywhere in the environment CS / Psych l Nike + iPod interface for running shoes

SECURITY  The goal of pervasive healthcare (PH) is to use pervasive computing technologies to provide round-the-clock healthcare The management plane provides an infrastructure for managing the health data collected by the sensors. It takes raw health data from the sensors, and organizes them into a structured format by generating an Electronic Patient Record (EPR) CS / Psych

1)Pervasive computing gives us the tools to manage information quickly, efficiently and effortlessly 2)It creates a new class of “smart devices” that allow users to plug into networks and gain direct, simple and secure access

Smart Objects Real world objects are enriched with information processing capabilities Embedded processors – in everyday objects – small, cheap, lightweight Communication capability – wired or wireless – Self-organizing networking Sensors and actuators Location/situation/context awareness Interact with physical world Smart objects can process and remember pertinent events Smart objects can communicate with each other Smart objects have context- sensitive behavior

DIS ADVANTAGES Design Vision of a phone implanted in a tooth - designed by Jimmy Loizeau and James Auger 2008‐05‐30 ‐ Albrecht Schmidt - LeoTech - „Altern, Technik, Produkte, Dienstleistungen“16

XEROX’S PALO ALTO RESEARCH CENTER has been working on pervasive computing IBM’S project planet blue, is focused on finding ways to integrate existing technologies with wireless infrastructure CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY project aura whose goal is to provide user with an invisible halo of computing and information services that persists regardless of location MIT project oxygen oxygen exists but its unfelt, so is pervasive computing CS / Psych

CONCLUSION ubiquitous computing is a very difficult integration of human factors, computer science, engineering, and social sciences. CS / Psych

CS / Psych Discussion Issues to take into account There are still many hard technical challenges to solve Experimental research is essential We will depend on those system – failure/malfunction can be fatal Privacy is a design challenge – has technical prerequisites – but cannot solved by technology alone Universal design – device that create new capabilities are attractive what happens if all kids at school do have a memory prosthesis? See society as a whole – design for aging people and their social network

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Ubiquitous Computing QUERIES???