1 OIL EXTRACTION – A Case Study of Trinidad & Tobago Managing the Extractive Sector for Development in Guyana 2012 November 14 th -15 th Presented By: AVRYL MOHAMMED
AGENDA ABOUT TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO OIL AND GAS DEPENDENCY THE MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACTS ABOUT PETROTRIN MANAGEMENT AND MITIGATION OF IMPACTS ABOUT GUYANA- WAY FORWARD
ABOUT TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
The twin island Republic of Trinidad and Tobago: Area – 5,125 sq. km (1,980 sq. miles) Population – approximately 1.3million Natural Resources – Oil and natural gas, timber and fish About Trinidad and Tobago
OIL AND GAS DEPENDENCY
The Petroleum sector contributes 47% to the country’s GDP Transition from an oil-based economy to a natural gas economy The petrochemical sector continues to grow in line with the natural gas production How much we depend on Hydrocarbon
Trinidad & Tobago Gross Domestic Product by Sector in 2011
How much we depend on Oil and Natural Gas Changes in GDP and Hydrocarbon Production
THE MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACTS
Major Environmental Impacts Deforestation and land degradation Uncontrolled release of hydrocarbon from blowouts Contamination of water courses- oil spills, disruption to ecological life and biodiversity Release of gaseous emissions
Engineering and environmental costs associated with extraction and processing Compliance costs Land tenure and border disputes Major Economic Impacts
What we use our Oil and Gas forMajor Social Impacts Displacement of communities Disparity between classes- poverty Human resource development- pull of human capital to the energy sector at the expense of agriculture Employment Expectations in Fence-line communities Squatting
ABOUT PETROTRIN
Welcome to Petrotrin - Our O&G Company
Our Exploration and Production fields extend over the south of the island Our Refinery is located in Pointe-a- Pierre About Petrotrin
PETROTRIN’s Areas of Operation.
Petrotrin’s Average Daily Production Refinery - 168,000 barrels /day of crude processed E&P – 45,000 bopd; 146 MMCFD (2011)
MANAGEMENT AND MITIGATION OF IMPACTS
The development and formulation of environmental legislation Implementation and enforcement of legislation Signatories to international treaties and policies: - The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) - Basel Convention - KYOTO Protocol Mitigation Strategies Against Impacts National Level
PETROTRIN’s Mitigation Strategies Against Impacts Environmental Legislative Compliance - Environmental Management Act (2005) 1. Water Pollution Rules (2006) 2. Noise Control Pollution Rules (2001) 3. Environmentally Sensitive Areas and Species (2001) 4. Air Pollution Rules (Draft- 2009) 5. Waste Management Rules (Draft- 2008)
Implementation of Environmental Management Systems (E.M.S) and OHSAS maintenance programs - audits Bioremediation - rehabilitation of contaminated sites using natural means Environmental
PETROTRIN’s Mitigation Strategies Against Impacts Environmental Environmental Baseline Surveys - Ecological Surveys 1. Floral Survey 2. Reptilian and Amphibian Survey 3. Avifaunal Survey 4. Invertebrate Survey 5. Aquatic Faunal Survey 6. Mammalian Survey
Environmental Gas Recovery Project -To reduce PETROTRIN’s GHG emissions -To provide a platform for other hydrocarbon industries Green House Gas Inventory (GHG) Project - Data Collection - Assisting with climate change mitigation
Reforestation Initiatives - Certificate of Environmental Clearance (C.E.C) - In collaboration with Forestry Division - Tree planting in PETROTRIN’s camp areas Environmental
Produced Water Treatment Facility at Los Bajos - API separators - Closed loop waste water treatment systems at drill sites Oil Spill Contingency Planning and Response - Develop detailed oil spill plans - Conducting drills EEnvironmentalnv ironmental
Public Consultation - Environmental Impact Assessment - Emergency Response Drills- Marabella and Bennett Village Drills - Community Awareness Emergency Response Environmental
Outreach Projects - Petting Zoo - Tree Distribution to Schools - HSE Activity Booklet for Primary Schools - Distribution of Fire Extinguishers to Schools - GLOBE- (Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment) Environmental
ABOUT GUYANA- WAY FORWARD
THE WAY FORWARD WHAT CAN GUYANA LEARN?
GUYANA- WAY FORWARD ENVIRONMENTAL Legislation to protect Guyana’s to protect land and water resources - No contamination -Taxation on exceeding pollution standard Assess environmental impact for all development management of water/ rainforest/ flora fauna (biodiversity) Natural/ Industrial Disaster Management Plan
Extraction at a controlled rate Diversification and the non-reliance on a SINGLE resource is integral in propelling economic growth Development of value chain industries GUYANA- WAY FORWARD ECONOMIC
Inclusion of local community into labour force Management of the human resource and the skill pool Provision made with indigenous people Policy to deal with border disputes GUYANA- WAY FORWARD SOCIAL
THE WAY FORWARD “Resource endowment need not necessarily be a curse, however it should not be the sole reliance of a nation’s economy” (adapted from Mrs. Vangie Bhagoo- Ramrattan Manager Research, First Citizens Bank)
THANK YOU THE END QUESTIONS???