Regents Review Last Night/Day

Regents Review Early Representation in America: Early Representation in America: House of Burgesses House of Burgesses Plymouth Compact Plymouth Compact Fundamental Orders of Connecticut Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Colonial Period and British Rule Mercantilism Mercantilism Salutary Neglect Salutary Neglect The Writs of Assistance The Writs of Assistance The Navigation Acts The Navigation Acts Tri-Angular Trade Tri-Angular Trade

Colonial Period and Government The Albany Plan first attempt at representation in the colonies during the French and Indian War, 1754 – 6 Representatives The Albany Plan first attempt at representation in the colonies during the French and Indian War, 1754 – 6 Representatives Proclamation of 1763 no settlement past the Appalachian Mountains Proclamation of 1763 no settlement past the Appalachian Mountains Stamp Act Congress 1765 – 9 Representatives Stamp Act Congress 1765 – 9 Representatives First Continental Congress, 1775, 12 Representatives First Continental Congress, 1775, 12 Representatives

Seeds of Colonial Resentment towards the King Stamp Act Stamp Act Quartering Act Quartering Act Thomas Paine-Common Sense Thomas Paine-Common Sense The Tea Act The Tea Act Boston Massacre Boston Massacre The Intolerable Acts The Intolerable Acts No Taxation without Representation No Taxation without Representation

Declaration of Independence Written by Thomas Jefferson to set the colonies free from British rule Written by Thomas Jefferson to set the colonies free from British rule List of Grievances against the King List of Grievances against the King Not a framework of government Not a framework of government John Locke’s Natural Rights John Locke’s Natural Rights Enlightenment Thinkers Enlightenment Thinkers Montesquie – Checks and Balances Montesquie – Checks and Balances Voltaire – Revolt against a poor government Voltaire – Revolt against a poor government Locke – Natural Rights Locke – Natural Rights The use of European ideas to help formulate the response to American freedom The use of European ideas to help formulate the response to American freedom

Revolutionary War General George Washington leads the war effort General George Washington leads the war effort The colonies are not prepared for war The colonies are not prepared for war Washington wins the key battles Washington wins the key battles Gains French and Spanish support Gains French and Spanish support Wins key victory at Yorktown to make peace with the British Wins key victory at Yorktown to make peace with the British

Articles of Confederation First attempt at a colonial government First attempt at a colonial government All of the powers are with the state not the federal government All of the powers are with the state not the federal government Very concerned over the powers of a new government, the articles were meant to be weak Very concerned over the powers of a new government, the articles were meant to be weak No powers by the federal government to enforce the laws and collect taxes No powers by the federal government to enforce the laws and collect taxes

Weakness of the Articles of Confederation The government has no powers to exert its control over the people The government has no powers to exert its control over the people Shays Rebellion Shays Rebellion No tax system No tax system Small militia Small militia No government structure No government structure

The Constitution and Government The government is weak and there is the need for a strong Constitution The government is weak and there is the need for a strong Constitution Federalists – Strong support for a national government, Constitution, leader, economy and military Federalists – Strong support for a national government, Constitution, leader, economy and military Anti-Federalists – Concerns over a strong central government, wants a Bill of Rights to safeguard newly won rights from England Anti-Federalists – Concerns over a strong central government, wants a Bill of Rights to safeguard newly won rights from England Federalist Papers – Support the creation of the Constitution and the actions of the Federalists Federalist Papers – Support the creation of the Constitution and the actions of the Federalists

Constitutional Convention The Great Compromise The Great Compromise Bi-Cameral Legislation between the Senate and House of Representatives Bi-Cameral Legislation between the Senate and House of Representatives 3/5’s Compromise over slavery and representation in the nation 3/5’s Compromise over slavery and representation in the nation More strength to the federal government More strength to the federal government

Federalism The powers of the government are distributed between the federal, state and local levels of government The powers of the government are distributed between the federal, state and local levels of government Federal – Delegated powers Federal – Delegated powers State – Reserved powers State – Reserved powers Shared – Concurrent powers Shared – Concurrent powers Implied Powers – Are not specifically stated in Congress Implied Powers – Are not specifically stated in Congress The government can not control every aspect of rule The government can not control every aspect of rule

The Constitution and Power within government Separation of Powers Separation of Powers Checks and Balances Checks and Balances The Amendment Process The Amendment Process The Elastic Clause The Elastic Clause The Unwritten Constitution The Unwritten Constitution

Jefferson vs. Hamilton Jefferson wants a strong central government, tax system, trade with England, leadership - Federalists Jefferson wants a strong central government, tax system, trade with England, leadership - Federalists Hamilton wants constraints on power, trade with France, concerned over the rights of the average person and strict interpretation of the Constitution (goes to Broad) – Democratic Republicans Hamilton wants constraints on power, trade with France, concerned over the rights of the average person and strict interpretation of the Constitution (goes to Broad) – Democratic Republicans Both of these men will start the modern political party system Both of these men will start the modern political party system

President Washington Two Term Precedent Two Term Precedent Strong Central Government/Whiskey Rebellion Strong Central Government/Whiskey Rebellion Neutrality Neutrality Strong trade, pay off debts and strengthen economy Strong trade, pay off debts and strengthen economy