Showcase Faculty Research Impact Relevance Value Case Studies/Success Stories 10

Faculty Success Stories 11

“ Green Revolution” New rice varieties Chemical fertilizers Pesticides The Challenge: Major disruption to Balinese economy, ecology and social structures by government mandate to boost rice production

Government regulators urged farmers to abandon ancient systems of management by water temples (“arcane rituals”) and plant rice as often as possible. 13

New strains of “miracle” rice were vulnerable to a new disease, Tungro – Tungro “explosion” in 1983 Aerial spraying begun; “Chaos in irrigation” reported “The ‘high technology and bureaucratic’ solution proved counter- productive, and was the major factor behind the yield declines experienced between 1982 and 1985…” - Final Report on Bali Irrigation Project Asian Development Bank, 1988 Ever-increasing problems 14

SFI Arrives: Steve Lansing & Karyn Fox Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson 15

Bali’s Water Temple Network: a complex adaptive system Lansing and Fox recognized that synchronized harvests organized by temple networks reduced pests by removing their food sources.

SFI simulation models showed that temple networks self- organize, creating a globally optimal scale of water use. 17

Asian Development Bank reversed its policy and allowed farmers to regain control Almost immediately, pest infestations and water shortages declined Rice production increased, from less than 500K tons in 1977 to more than 800K tons in 1988 Measuring nutrients in irrigation flows

“[The Bali case] has become a classic in the emerging field of sustainability science… “It sets up a powerful teaching moment, letting us ask, ‘What potentially relevant sources of knowledge are we overlooking in our present work on sustainable development?’” - William C. Clark Harvey Brooks Professor Harvard Kennedy School 19

Continuing research explores the social dynamics of water temple networks and rituals and their ecological roles 20