“HIV POSITIVE” B O O T C A M P Date goes here

WAKE UP PUNE Wake Up Pune is the outreach arm of DISHA (Deep Griha’s Integrated Services for HIV/AIDS)

WHO WE ARE Photos and names of facilitators running the bootcamp go on this slide

THE BOOTCAMP What is HIV? Condom demo - B R E A K – HIV statistics Stigma and Discrimination

The HIV Virus

WHAT IS HIV? Human Immunodeficiency Virus Virus Uses immune cells (T- cells) for its replication Damaging the immune system

HIV in the cell

What is AIDS? Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Immune system has been affected badly after years of untreated HIV infection. Note: HIV is not AIDS! HIV= Virus HIV infection= Virus replicating in body AIDS= Severe damage to immune system by virus

Natural course of disease = Without treatment!

Sero-conversion / Acute HIV Time when infection occurs Mostly non-significant symptoms one would not contact health practitioner for FeverLethargy / malaise PharyngitisAnorexia / weight loss LymphadenopathyNausea / Vomiting / diarrhoea Headache Rash Arthralgia / myalgiaNeurological

Latency Phase No symptoms of infection, –other than testing there is no way one can know a person in the latency phase of HIV infection. Lymphadenopathy may be present Slow CD4 cell decline CD4 < 200 = “AIDS”

Symptomatic stage

WHICH BODY FLUIDS SPREAD HIV? Blood Saliva Urine Pre-cum Faeces Semen Vaginal fluid Sweat Tears Mucus Breast milk Sputum

WHICH BODY FLUIDS SPREAD HIV? Blood Saliva Urine Pre-cum Semen Faeces Sweat Tears Vaginal fluid Mucus Breast milk Sputum YES NO

HOW IS HIV TRANSMITTED? Massage Sharing Cutlery Unprotected sex Breast feeding Mosquito bites Toilet seats Swimming pool Injecting drug use Blood transfusion Sharing shaving blades YESNO

HOW IS HIV TRANSMITTED? Unprotected sex with an infected person o Vaginal o Anal o Oral Injecting drug use Exposure to HIV infected blood Mother to child transmission (MTCT)

Getting tested What is tested for: Antibodies against HIV  ELISA = EIA Core protein HIV  P24 antigen Genetic material HIV  HIV RNA ( PCR) Window Period  ELISA: 22 Days*  P24 antigen: 17 days  HIV RNA PCR: 10 days * Antibody tests are positive in virtually 100% of patients by 3 months

Take the lead - get tested! How? Testing is confidential and free Pre- and post counseling Where? Deep Griha Society Family Welfare Centre 13 Tadiwala Road For more information on HIV testing and testing clinics visit

Getting treated ART = Anti-Retroviral Therapy ART is not a cure, but it can stop people from becoming ill. Treatment is usually started when CD4 count is ≤ 350 cells or below or when an AIDS defining illness occurs

Today WHO reclassifies HIV as a ‘Chronic’ Condition Just like Diabetes

Time for break......

“Statistics can be made to prove anything - even the truth.” - Author Unknown - “Do not put your faith in what statistics say until you have carefully considered what they do not say.” - William W. Watt - HIV STATISTICS

HIV IN THE WORLD Estimated number of people living with HIV 32.8 million (UNAIDS 2010) Estimated number of women living with HIV 15.7 million women living with HIV Estimated number of children living with HIV 2.5 million children living with HIV

North America 1.5 million Caribbean Latin America 1.4 million Western and Central Europe Middle East and North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa 22.5 million Oceania South and South-east Asia 4.1 million East Asia Eastern Europe and Central Asia 1.4 million

HIV IN ASIA SOURCE: UNAIDS (2010) Estimated number of people living with HIV in Asia 4.9 million

HIV IN INDIA Lots of different numbers... Government of India Approximately 2.4 million in 2009 Many studies published in academic journals, but they all show slightly different angle of the picture.

In India the national adult HIV prevalence is currently 0.31%, this is second in the world only to South Africa.

Distribution of PLHIV across states in India

Prevalence in Maharashtra State/Union Territory Antenatal clinic HIV prevalence (%) STD clinic HIV prevalence (%) IDU HIV prevalence (%) MSM HIV prevalence (%) Female sex worker HIV prevalence (%) India Maharashtra Source: NACO 2007 Sentinel Surveillance Report

Transmission in India 90% of women acquire HIV infections from their husbands or intimate sexual partner

STIGMA What is stigma? Isolation? Different? Discrimination? Stereotypes?

STIGMA Stigma is a spoilt identity. To stigmatize is to label someone; to see them as inferior because of an attribute they have. We are stigma.

SILENCE IGNORANCE FEAR STIGMA DISCRIMINATION STIGMA CHAKRA

THE AGREE/DISAGREE LINE WE ALL STIGMATIZE

WHAT YOU CAN DO STARTING NOW… Be careful with your own language, and challenge others when they use stigmatizing words, or phrases. Encourage your family, friends and colleagues to talk openly about their fears concerning HIV. Get tested and encourage family and friends to do the same!!

STIGMA KILLS!

Volunteering with Wake Up Pune …run a bootcamp in your school/college/with friends......street theatre......awareness kiosks......help in the office...!...fundraising activities…...Global AIDS Week events...

THANK YOU! Want to know more? Talk to our helpful volunteers