Bruno De Fanti Anel EE230 University of California, Santa Cruz December 2011 LASER SCANNING CONFOCAL MICROENDOSCOPY
1. Endoscopy 1.1 Principles 1.2 Inconvenients 2. Confocal Microscopy 2.1 Description and benefits 2.2 Basic principle 2.3 Scanning 2.4 Detector 3. Microendoscopy 3.1 Endoscopy + Confocal Microscopy 3.2 Fiber Bundle 3.3 Excitation 3.4 Fluorophores 3.5 Some images 4. Conclusion INDEX
1.1 Principles Endoscopy: looking inside Minimally invasive procedure Wide variety of health issues detected 1 ENDOS COPY Non microscopy Requires biopsy
1.2 Inconvenients Biopsy may be unnecessary Approach often fails for pre-cancerous problems and small cancerous growths. Example: colon cancer Solution: Microendoscopy EndoscopyBiopsyMicroendoscopy 1 ENDOS COPY
2.1 Description Optical Imaging technique Increase optical resolution & contrast High quality images Benefits: Control depth of field Reduction of the out of focus glare Ability to collect serial optical sections from thick specimens 3D Images 2 CONFOCA L MICRO – SCOPY
2.2 Basic principle 2 CONFOCA L MICRO – SCOPY
2 CONFOCA L MICRO – SCOPY 2.3 Scanning
2 CONFOCA L MICRO – SCOPY 2.4 Detector: Photomultiplier Tube Spot by spot scanning requiers: Sensitive Very Fast
2 CONFOCA L MICRO – SCOPY 2.4 Detector (a)Confocal image along with the signal from the photomultiplier (b) Signal and Confocal image after applying a negative offset voltage to the photomultiplier. (c) Final signal and image after the gain has been adjusted to fill the entire intensity range.
3.1 Endoscopy + Confocal Microscopy 3 MICRO ENDOS COPY
3.2 Fiber bundle 140cm long coherent fibers Single mode fiber Minimum bending radius 4cm 2.4μm core diameter NA 0.35 3.3μm core spacing Image area diameter 0.8mm Total diameter 0.95mm 3 MICRO ENDOS COPY
3.3 Excitation: AOTF (Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter) Very fast & Multi source Intensity modulation Wavelenght discrimination Blanking flyback 3 MICRO ENDOS COPY
3.4 Fluorophores Different molecules causes different emission 3 MICRO ENDOS COPY
3.5 Some Images a) Pollen grain b) Mouse lung tissue c) Rat brain d) Fern root 3 MICRO ENDOS COPY
Conclusion Minimal invasive High resolution No tissue extraction Earlier detection Scalable to actual endoscopes CONCLUSION
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!!!
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ew/mid/10466/Default.aspx?ContentPubID=348 ew/mid/10466/Default.aspx?ContentPubID=348 REFERENCES