Lifestyles in Flanders? A study of the lifestyles of Flemish inhabitants in 2010 Ann Pisman Centre for Mobility and Spatial Planning, Ghent University (Belgium) Artesis University College (Belgium) co-authors: Piet Lombaerde, Thomas Verbeek, Barbara Tempels, Georges Allaert sponsor: Artesis University College

1.1. Introduction Lifestyles in Flanders? A study of the lifestyles of Flemish inhabitants in 2010

1.1.

1.1. Network society Individualisation and detraditionalisation LIFESTYLES DISTINGUISHING LIFESTYLES = modern way of identifying SOCIETAL GROUPS (Chaney, 1996)

Lifestyles in Flanders? A study of the lifestyles of Flemish inhabitants in 2010 Catch-all term Origin? Content? Usefulness? Research strategy? 1.1.

Lifestyles in Flanders? A study of the lifestyles of Flemish inhabitants in Demographic lifestyles young – old one person – two person

Lifestyles in Flanders? A study of the lifestyles of Flemish inhabitants in Demographic lifestyles young – old one person – two person Geographical lifestyles urbanites – suburbanites Ghent - Antwerp

Lifestyles in Flanders? A study of the lifestyles of Flemish inhabitants in Demographic lifestyles young – old one person – two person Psychographic lifestyles “the wishing personality” Geographical lifestyles urbanites – suburbanites Ghent - Antwerp Cultural lifestyles “the cultural man” values and norms Mechanistic lifestyles “l’homo economicus” behaviour Socio-graphic lifestyles “the social man” attitudes

Lifestyles in Flanders? A study of the lifestyles of Flemish inhabitants in Objective and research questions

2.2. Explorative research to introduce the lifestyle concept in a planning strategy Which domain-specific lifestyle types can we identify in Flanders on the basis of behaviourally manifest indicators? Which domain-specific lifestyle types can we identify in Flanders on the basis of latent indicators? {How can we introduce the lifestyle concept in a planning strategy? }

3.3. Method Lifestyles in Flanders? A study of the lifestyles of Flemish inhabitants in 2010

Demographic lifestyles young – old one person – two person Psychographic lifestyles “the wishing personality” Geographical lifestyles urbanites – suburbanites Ghent - Antwerp Cultural lifestyles “the cultural man” values and norms Mechanistic lifestyles “l’homo economicus” behaviour Socio-graphic lifestyles “the social man” attitudes Latent lifestyles Manifest lifestyles 3.3.

Lifestyles in Flanders? A study of the lifestyles of Flemish inhabitants in 2010 Demographic lifestyles young – old one person – two person Psychographic lifestyles “the wishing personality” Geographical lifestyles urbanites – suburbanites Ghent - Antwerp Cultural lifestyles “the cultural man” values and norms Mechanistic lifestyles “l’homo economicus” behaviour Socio-graphic lifestyles “the social man” attitudes Manifest lifestyles 3.3. ? ? Latent lifestyles

Lifestyles in Flanders? A study of the lifestyles of Flemish inhabitants in Demographic lifestyles young – old one person – two person Psychographic lifestyles “the wishing personality” Geographical lifestyles urbanites – suburbanites Ghent - Antwerp Cultural lifestyles “the cultural man” values and norms Mechanistic lifestyles “l’homo economicus” behaviour Socio-graphic lifestyles “the social man” attitudes Manifest lifestyles Latent lifestyles HOUSING -four dimensions Economic dimension (status, material prosperity, ownership) Sociocultural dimension (openness, social contacts, local facilities) Safety dimension (trust, neighbourhood decay, traffic safety, theft, physical threat) Ecological dimension (environmental quality, mobility, water and energy consumption)

Exploratory quantitative study Broad definition of lifestyles Data collection (internet, snow ball sample) Cluster analysis to define groups Realibility check by split-run and homogenity Significant correlation with sociodemographic characteristics check by χ2 test 3.3.

4.4. Results Lifestyles in Flanders? A study of the lifestyles of Flemish inhabitants in 2010

2401 respondents February – april 2010 Non representative group: highly educated over-represented young and old under-represented urbanites over-represented household types and housing typologies representative 4.4.

4.4.

4.4. CLUSTER 1 MATERIALISTS CLUSTER 2 TOLERANTS CLUSTER 3 VALUE SEEKERS CLUSTER 4 MINIMALISTS LATENT LIFESTYLES

4.4. CLUSTER 1 MATERIALISTS CLUSTER 2 TOLERANTS CLUSTER 3 HIGHLY EDUCATED VALUE SEEKERS CLUSTER 4 MINIMALISTS LATENT LIFESTYLES Diversity in values to material prosperity, openness and safety. Ecological dimension does not result in differences. No relation with actual housing environment. Diversity in education. No differences were found for household situation and age.

4.4. CLUSTER 2 ECO-URBANITES CLUSTER 3 SOCIO- URBANITES CLUSTER 6 CENTRAL URBANITES MANIFEST LIFESTYLES

4.4. CLUSTER 1 SOCIO-NON- URBANITES CLUSTER 4 COUNTRY RESIDENTS CLUSTER 5 ANONYMOUS NON-URBANITES MANIFEST LIFESTYLES

4.4. CLUSTER 1 SOCIO-NON- URBANITES CLUSTER 4 COUNTRY RESIDENTS CLUSTER 5 ANONYMOUS NON-URBANITES CLUSTER 2 ECO-URBANITES CLUSTER 3 SOCIO- URBANITES CLUSTER 6 CENTRAL URBANITES MANIFEST LIFESTYLES Housing environment and housing type is dominant: urban lifestyles, rural lifestyles (suburban – country) Diversity in behavior to ecology, material prosperity, openness and safety. Diversity in education, household situation and age.

5.5. Lifestyles in Flanders? A study of the lifestyles of Flemish inhabitants in 2010 Discussion and conclusion

5.5. general conclusion Lifestyles can be used to describe a societal diversity. Latent and manifest variables result in another diversity of the same society. Behaviour is more relevant for current housing situation. People differ in... the private space they use to live; the use they make of public transport, local public places, local facilities; the way they secure their homes or neighbourhoods; their local contacts. Lifestyles can be used to describe a societal diversity relevant for spatial planning..- agricultural economic activities are actual and important phenomena on the Flemish countryside especially non-agricultural economic activities are underestimated no uniform Flemish countryside

5.5. discussion non-representative sample explorative research link with spatial planning? (private versus public interest, sustainability, shared behaviour or specific behaviour → generic planning or region specific planning..) further research representative research longitudinal datasets link with ideal housing, with behaviour in the future! (migration?, transition of the housing environment?) case-studies to explore in depth the relation between the current settlement pattern, the manifest and latent lifestyles, the ideal housing situation (housing satisfaction – migrations) and the current and future spatial policy.

6.6. Thank you for your attention! Lifestyles in Flanders? A study of the lifestyles of Flemish inhabitants in 2010