Introduction to Cell Biology. A. Early Microscopy and Cell Discovery prior to about 1650, cells were not known to exist. Anton Von Leeuwenhoek Saw “animacules”

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Cell Biology

A. Early Microscopy and Cell Discovery prior to about 1650, cells were not known to exist. Anton Von Leeuwenhoek Saw “animacules” and large bacteria

Robert Hooke looked at plant tissue coined the word “cell” from appearance of cell walls

C. Cell Types Prokaryotes lack a nucleus small in size oldest living life form ~ 3.5 billion years old include all bacteria

Eukaryotes contain a nucleus larger and more complex than prokaryotes ~ 2 billion years old include animal, plant, fungi and protist kingdoms.

Prokaryotes v.s. Eukaryotes

CELL CITY, USA Government Supplies (groceries & Gas Stations) Factories Machines for factories Transportation UPS package delivery Warehouses Clean up (the dirty jobs)

Cellular Organelles Mitochondria site of cellular respiration (conversion of food/O 2 to ATP) contains own DNA self replicates

Endoplasmic Reticulum manufactures, processes, and transports chemical compounds for use inside of the cell. Smooth ER (no ribosomes) Rough ER (has ribosomes)

Golgi apparatus packages substances for secretion inside and outside of cells forms vesicles

Ribosomes site of protein synthesis

Lysosomes degrade substances that enter cells with hydrolytic enzymes

Cytosleleton structural support Transport of materials from place to place in a cell Centrioles used by animal cells in cell division

Chloroplasts used to capture light for photosynthesis contain own DNA self replicate

3. Nucleus command center of the cell

Vacuoles storage compartments of cells large in plant cells

A C E B D F

1. Cell Membrane Function controls what enters and exits cell protects cell/organism communicates with other cells Structure phospholipid bilayer membrane proteins carbohydrates

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