ITER Liquid Helium Plants Status and Test Protocol ICEC June 29th, 2015 / Grenoble / FranceY. FABRE

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC - Cryogenics June 29th 2015 Summary ■ The ITER Project ■ Cryogenics at ITER – focus on the cryoplant (LHe plants & LN2 plants)  Global Process Overview  Focus on LHe Plants equipments ■ LHe plants: End users description ■ LHe plants : Test module description ■ Conclusion 2

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC - Cryogenics June 29th 2015 Introduction: ITER & Fusion ■ ITER : the world’s biggest experimental research project to demonstrate the scientific and technological feasibility of fusion power as an alternative source of energy ■ An international project where each parties involved contributes in terms of kind (magnets, buildings, cryogenic parts, utilities, …) ■ FUSION  Fuel: abundant, world-wide distributed ■Sufficient deuterium in seawater for millions of years ■Tritium is produced from lithium -Conservative lithium ore recovery estimates indicate sufficient supplies for thousands of years  Safety: no risk of major accidents ■Reactor contains fuel for only a few seconds burn  Waste: no long-term burden ■Low radio-toxicity after < 100 years 3

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC - Cryogenics June 29th 2015 PROCESS: Schematic Presentation IN-DA EU-DA IO LN2 PLANTS LHe PLANTS CTCB ITER Cryogenics: process overview 4 ACB & Cryolines ACB & Cryolines

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC - Cryogenics June 29th 2015 Cryoplant buildings overview B : BUILDING: OVERVIEW Cryoplant Building: B51, 52 Bridge Tokamak Building TOKAMAK CRYOPLANT BRIDGE 5

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC - Cryogenics June 29th 2015 Cryoplant buildings overview – Buildings 51 & 52, Area 53 Liquid helium (LHe) Plants cold boxes and Compression station Liquid nitrogen (LN2) plant and auxiliary system Cold boxes Compressors Tanks Cryolines & Cryoplant Termination Cold Box (CTCB) Cryo building Tokamak building HQ bldg 45 m 180 m 6

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plants - End users Poloidal Field (PF) Coils x6 Central Solenoid (CS) Toroidal Field (TF) Coils x 18 Correction Coils (CC) x 18 ■ Magnets LHe 4.5 K GHe 5.2 K 75 kW 7 Cold circulators Cold compressors

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plants - End users ■ Current Leads 8 GHe 50KGHe 300K ~200 g/s

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plants - End users ■ Cryopumps 9 Torus Cryopump x 6

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 WRB DNB HNB 3 HNB 1 HNB 2 CCP C07 TCP C06 TCP C04 TCP C18 CCP C13 TCP C10/11 TCP C12 TCP C16 LHe Plants - End users ■ Cryopumps 10 ■ Cold mode : SHe 4.5K ■ Cool-down mode: LHe 4.5K ■ Regeneration mode: GHe 300K GHe ~5.3 K GHe 300K 8.5 kW 100 g/s 300 g/s

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC - Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plant - simplified process 11

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plants - Test module Magnets & Cpps supply Magnets & Cpps return 12 Cold compressors Test Cryostat 30 kW 75kW 4.5K 5.2K

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plants - Test module Magnets & Cpps supply Magnets & Cpps return 13 Test Cryostat 30 kW 75kW LP Cryopumps cool-down 4.5K 5.2K

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plants - Test module Magnets & Cpps supply Magnets & Cpps return 14 Test Cryostat 30 kW 75kW LP Cryopumps cool-down Cryopumps regen. 4.5K 5.2K 300K

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plants - Test module Magnets & Cpps supply Magnets & Cpps return 15 Test Cryostat 30 kW 75kW LP Cryopumps cool-down Cryopumps regen. Current Leads 4.5K 5.2K 300K 50K

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plants - Test module Magnets & Cpps supply Magnets & Cpps return 16 Test Cryostat 30 kW 75kW LP Cryopumps cool-down Cryopumps regen. Current Leads 80K loops ~400 kW 100 kW 4.5K 5.2K 300K 50K 80K

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plants - Test module 17 ■ 20 tons ■ 75 kW of isothermal heaters at 4.5K ■ 130 kW of additional non isothermal heaters ■ Liquid Helium phase separator can adapt with variations of 2.5 m 3 of liquid to cope with pulse modes 4.2 m

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plants - Test module Test Cryostat 18

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plants - Technical challenges : Main challenges:  Multiple Users  Pulsed Loads  3 LHe Plants in Parallel 110 kW 4.5K 40 kW 4.5K 75 % 25 % 65 % Variations over 30 minutes 65 % Variations over 30 minutes 19

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plants - Test program ■ Tests in 2 stages: Each plant individually  3 Plants in parrallel O perational A cceptance T ests Each LHe Plant individually Each compression stationEach LHe Plant individualy S ite A cceptance T ests 3 LHe Plants in parallel 3 LHe plants operating together 20 Increased complexity

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 Process - Test program Compression station Without Cold Box Compressors characteristics at different operating points Slide valves test Full load Single LHe Plant Without the Distribution Box Maximum Refrigeration Power 1/3 of Plasma Operation State : With static loads (averaged) With Pulsed loads With the Distribution Box Maximum Liquefaction capacity Maximum Refrigeration Power 1/3 of Plasma Operation State : With static loads (averaged) With Pulsed loads 21

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 Process - Test program 3 LHe Plants in parallel With the Distribution Box Magnets Cool-Down mode Maintenance (backup) modes : 1 Plant in maintenance 2 Plants in maintenance Plasma Operation States : with static loads with pulsed loads 22

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th Conclusion ■ ITER cryoplant design progresses on schedule  LHe plants manufacturing on going (FDR passed)  LN2 & auxiliary systems design under completion (FDR planned July 2015)  Projects on schedule ■ LHe Plants test module design to complete the functionalities of the end users ■ Test program adresses ITER main technical challenges :  Operation with strong pulsed loads  Operation of 3 plants in parallel ■ All interfaces and automatic sequences tested before connection to the magnets system Air Liquide thanks Iter Organization for its fruitful cooperation 23

End of the presentation Thank you for your attention

Air Liquide, world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ICEC- Cryogenics June 29th 2015 LHe Plants - End users ■ Thermal Shields 25ThermalShieldThermalShield Vacuum Vessel PFC Cryostat TFC ThermalShield Thermal power supplied by 80K loops. Test is performed on 80K loops