ENERGY CONSERVATION IN STREET LIGHTING SYSTEM PRESENTED BY, DINESH KUMAR.G PRASANTH.D RAJESH KANNA.R YOGESH.T Department of EEE Guided By, Mr.K.Rajesh ME., Teaching Fellow, Department of EEE.

INTRODUCTION  India’s total installed capacity is 288 GW as on january  out of 288 GW, we’ve got 28% from renewable energy sources & 72% from non-renewable energy sources.  India’s total demand capacity crosses 300 GW.  Electricity demand is increasing day by day and we need to do something to satisfy the energy demand.  In this project we’ve focused on energy conservation in renewable energy system for street lighting systems. By using this systems we can reduce the consumption of electricity.  If we use LED lamps instead of fluorescent lamps & by the use of sensor, we can save lots of energy.

ABSTRACT The amount of energy consumed by the distribution system is increasing each year, due to the expansion in the domestic appliances. The amount of energy consumed by the distribution system is increasing each year, due to the expansion in the domestic appliances. It is therefore considered that a need exists to reduce the energy consumption. It is therefore considered that a need exists to reduce the energy consumption. In this project we replaced existing flourescent lamps with LED lamps and By the use of LDR, considerable energy can be saved by switching off the lights when the space is not in use. In this project we replaced existing flourescent lamps with LED lamps and By the use of LDR, considerable energy can be saved by switching off the lights when the space is not in use. Savings are huge in larger facilities. And the whole system is run by the solar power. Savings are huge in larger facilities. And the whole system is run by the solar power.

COMPARISON LED is the greenest option available in all forms of lighting and that is because:  It does not contain any mercury, which is harmful for environment unlike the fluorescent bulbs and lights.  It lasts much longer (about years) and thus their disposal is less of a concern.  One LED light can save material & production of 25 incandescent lights.  Fluorescent lights on the other hand contain mercury that is harmful for environment and their disposal is a concern. And this is a problem with both CFLs and fluorescent tubelights.

CONTD…. COSTSWARRANTYLIFEEFFICIENCY LED LIGHTRS Years 10 – 15 YearsAbout 110 – 120 Lumens per Watt FLOURESCENT LAMP RS Months3 – 4 YearsAbout 80 – 90 Lumens Per Watts

ARDUINO Arduino is a Popular Microcontroller and it is an open source Physical Computing platform. Arduino is a Popular Microcontroller and it is an open source Physical Computing platform. Latest Arduino Uno is a Microcontroller Board based on ATMEGA 328.It has 14 Digital input/output pins, Six analogue inputs, 6 PWM output, a 16MHz crystal oscillator, power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. Latest Arduino Uno is a Microcontroller Board based on ATMEGA 328.It has 14 Digital input/output pins, Six analogue inputs, 6 PWM output, a 16MHz crystal oscillator, power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. It is just connect it to a computer through a Standard USB cable or power it from AC to DC adaptor. It is just connect it to a computer through a Standard USB cable or power it from AC to DC adaptor. Arduino control the lamp circuit based on programming and Relay switch when shadow is detected. Arduino control the lamp circuit based on programming and Relay switch when shadow is detected.

ARDUINO KIT

BLOCK DIAGRAM

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

COMPONENTS USED Arduino Uno Arduino Uno BC547 npn Transistor BC547 npn Transistor 1N4007 Rectifier Diode 1N4007 Rectifier Diode 5mm LED 5mm LED Resistor - 1k ohm,470ohm,variable Resistor(4.7kohm) Resistor - 1k ohm,470ohm,variable Resistor(4.7kohm) Light Dependent Resistor Light Dependent Resistor Capacitors – 470 microF,100 microF Capacitors – 470 microF,100 microF Switch, Relay, Two pin and Seven Pin Connector. Switch, Relay, Two pin and Seven Pin Connector.

PROGRAM int rlyPin = 12; int sensPin = 2; int ledPin = 8; int Lamp = 10; int val = 0; void setup() { pinMode(rlyPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(sensPin, INPUT); pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(Lamp, OUTPUT); }

void loop() { val = digitalRead(sensPin); if(val == HIGH) { digitalWrite(rlyPin, HIGH); digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); playTone(500, 600); delay(100); playTone(500, 800); delay(100); } else{ digitalWrite(rlyPin, LOW); playTone(0, 0); delay(300); }}

void LampGlow(long duration, int freq){ duration *= 1000; int period = (1.0 / freq) * ; long elapsed_time = 0; while (elapsed_time < duration) { digitalWrite(Lamp,HIGH); delayMicroseconds(period / 2); digitalWrite(Lamp, LOW); delayMicroseconds(period / 2); elapsed_time += (period); }

OPERATION  To measure the illumination and amount of energy consumed by the fluorescent lamp used in distributed systems.  We replace LED lamps with same illumination given by the fluorescent lamps.  Measure the amount of energy consumption reduced, when we use LED lamps.  The energy from the solar panel is stored into the battery with the help of regulator circuit.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

CONTD ….  Fluorescent circuit:  In this circuit, fluorescent lamp requires AC but the battery output is DC.  so we go for conversion process, it consists of inverter and filter circuit.  Some amount of energy loss in this conversion process.  LED circuit :  In this circuit, LED lamp requires DC input supply, battery output is also DC.  So we directly connect the LED lamp to the battery output.

CONTD …. Sensor operation:  sensor is energized from battery supply.  The basic work of sensor is, any interruption then it will activate the timer delay operation.  One sensor is used for a batch of LED lamps, so any interruption occur corresponding batch of lamp will be turned ON & OFF.

ADVANTAGES The advantage of LED circuit is it does not need inversion and filteration process compared to the fluorescent circuit and some amount of energy conserved in this process. The advantage of LED circuit is it does not need inversion and filteration process compared to the fluorescent circuit and some amount of energy conserved in this process. The energy consumed by the fluorescent lamp is higher than that of LED lamps, so we can conserve some amount of energy. The energy consumed by the fluorescent lamp is higher than that of LED lamps, so we can conserve some amount of energy. LED lasts much longer (about years) and thus their disposal is less of a concern. LED lasts much longer (about years) and thus their disposal is less of a concern. Fluorescent lights on the other hand contain mercury that is harmful for environment and their disposal is a concern. And this is a problem with both CFLs and fluorescent tubelights. Fluorescent lights on the other hand contain mercury that is harmful for environment and their disposal is a concern. And this is a problem with both CFLs and fluorescent tubelights. LED does not contain any mercury. LED does not contain any mercury.

CONCLUSION The energy demand is increasing day by day so we are concerning with energy conservation and the use of fossil fuels is also increased and it is harmful to the atmosphere, so we’ve concentrate to develop this kind of projects. the only way to meet the demand without affecting the environment is to increase the generation of renewable energy sources. In our project we used renewable energy source, sensors and LED lamps to conserve the energy.

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