War in the Pacific 25.4

Points to Ponder  What advances did Japan make in Asia and the Pacific in late 1941 and 1942?  Which Allied victories turned the tide of war in the Pacific?  What was the strategy of the United States in the struggle to reconquer the Pacific islands?  Why were the battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa important?  How did the Manhattan Project bring the war to and end?

The Japanese Advance  GOAL: Shattering _______ _________ Pearl Harbor, Clark Field Pearl Harbor, Clark Field  Purpose: Gaining access to _________ of SE Asia

The Philippines Fall  April, 1942: most of ________defenders surrender  May 6, __________ surrenders 76,000 Filipinos and Americans POW 76,000 Filipinos and Americans POW _______ Death March _______ Death March Broke the standards set at the Geneva ConventionBroke the standards set at the Geneva Convention I Shall Return!

Defending China and Burma  China joins the Allied Forces but is no match for ________ Loses control of the ________ Road Loses control of the ________ Road

The War at Sea  _______ _____: failed to meet all of Japan’s goals The US carriers, the ________ and the ________, and their fleets were not at Pearl The US carriers, the ________ and the ________, and their fleets were not at Pearl  ________ Raids Counter attack on Japan: shocking Japan Counter attack on Japan: shocking Japan

War at Sea  Battle of the _______ _______ 5 day battle, with much loss 5 day battle, with much loss Ended in a draw, but saved _______ Ended in a draw, but saved _______ First battle to be done entirely by ________ First battle to be done entirely by ________

Allies Turn the Tide  Battle of _________: June 4, 1942 Admiral Yamamoto Isoroku desired to destroy the rest of the US fleet Admiral Yamamoto Isoroku desired to destroy the rest of the US fleet Japanese _________ attack Midway and the American fleet Japanese _________ attack Midway and the American fleet American planes respond, catching Japanese carriers off guard—sunk 4 of themAmerican planes respond, catching Japanese carriers off guard—sunk 4 of them  Crucial event: Large blow to the ___________Large blow to the ___________ Commander Joseph Rochefort broke the Japanese ______Commander Joseph Rochefort broke the Japanese ______

Other Important Battles:  Battle of ____________: jungle warfare  Island Hopping: ________, Halsey, and Nimitz  The ______________ Campaign Battle of Leyte Gulf: first use of kamikazes Battle of Leyte Gulf: first use of kamikazes  Battle of Iwo Jima: Nov, 1944  Battle of ___________: last obstacle before Japan

The Manhattan Project  The Development of the ______ ______ Alternatives to dropping the bomb Alternatives to dropping the bomb A massive invasion of Japan, expected to cost millions of Allied casualtiesA massive invasion of Japan, expected to cost millions of Allied casualties A naval blockade to starve Japan, along with continued conventional bombingA naval blockade to starve Japan, along with continued conventional bombing A demonstration of the new weapon on a deserted island to pressure Japan to surrenderA demonstration of the new weapon on a deserted island to pressure Japan to surrender A softening of Allied demands for an unconditional surrenderA softening of Allied demands for an unconditional surrender SO WHY DROP THE BOMB? SO WHY DROP THE BOMB?

Japan Surrenders  Aug. 6, 1945 The ______ _____ dropped a single atomic bomb on Hiroshima The ______ _____ dropped a single atomic bomb on Hiroshima 90% of buildings were damaged; 80,000 thought dead90% of buildings were damaged; 80,000 thought dead  Aug. 9, nd bomb dropped on Nagasaki 2 nd bomb dropped on Nagasaki  Aug. 14, 1945 Japan surrenders Japan surrenders ____ DAY ____ DAY

Points to Ponder  What advances did Japan make in Asia and the Pacific in late 1941 and 1942?  Which Allied victories turned the tide of war in the Pacific?  What was the strategy of the United States in the struggle to reconquer the Pacific islands?  Why were the battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa important?  How did the Manhattan Project bring the war to and end?