Aim: Why does water have certain properties? DO NOW: Under which conditions of temperature and pressure would a 1-liter sample of a real gas behave most like an ideal gas? (1) 100 K and 0.1 atm (2) 100 K and 10 atm (3) 500 K and 0.1 atm (4) 500 K and 10 atm

Water and Hydrogen Bonding Many properties of water result from hydrogen bonding. Strong surface tension Low vapor pressure (high b.p.) Ice less dense than water.

Surface Tension Surface tension is a property of the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist an external force. When you place a drop of water on a piece of glass, you will see it stay together as a drop. Cohesive forces keep the drop from spreading out.

Vapor Pressure Water has low vapor pressure due to the strong hydrogen bonds between the water molecules. Meaning, since the attractions between the water molecules are strong more heat is needed to be absorbed by the molecules in order to break the attractions.

Water in the Solid State Density of ice is less than the density of water.

Water in the Solid State A sample of ice is less dense than a sample of water of equal mass. Reason: The water molecules in ice are further apart than in water. This increases the volume of the ice, decreasing the density.

Question The relatively high boiling point of water is due to water having (1) hydrogen bonding (2) metallic bonding (3) nonpolar covalent bonding (4) strong ionic bonding

Question Which of the following describes a hydrogen bond? a.the bond between hydrogen in one water molecule and oxygen in a different water molecule b.the bond between hydrogen and oxygen within a molecule of water c.the bond between hydrogen in one water molecule and another hydrogen in a different water molecule d.the bond between two hydrogen atoms within a molecule of water

Solvents and Solutes An aqueous solution contains dissolved substances. 2 components of a solution: solvent and solute. Solvent dissolves the solute; solute is what is being dissolved.

Solution process

Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes An electrolyte is a substance that conducts an electrical current when in an aqueous solution or a molten state. All ionic compounds are electrolytes. Strong electrolytes are good conductors of electricity. Weak electrolytes are weak conductors of electricity. Nonelectrolytes do not conduct electricity when in an aqueous solution or in a molten state.