the Subjunctive Mood 虚 拟 语 气
What would you do if you had a…? Magic Brush
虚拟语气 是一种特殊的动词形式， 用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个 事实 (fact) ，而只是一种假设 (hypotheses ), 愿望 (wishes), 建议 (suggestion) 或怀疑 (doubt) 等等。 The definition of the Subjunctive Mood
Revision If I were a millionaire, I would travel around the world. If you had not slept with the window open, you would not have caught a cold. If I were not to have a test, I would go shopping. If I didn’t have a test, If I should not have a test, 虚拟语气在 if 条件状语从句中的用法
Revision 虚拟语气在 if 条件状语从句中的用法 If…were/did …, …would/could/might do … If … had done…, …would/could/might have done… If…were/did/should/were to…, …would/could/might do…
在虚拟条件状语中如果有 were, should, had 这三 个词, 主语提前变成 were, should, had + 主语的形 式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词 的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们 可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do. If 的省略倒装
If you had not slept with the window open, you would not have caught a cold. Had you not slept with the window open, you would not have caught a cold. If I were a millionaire, I would travel around the world. Were I a millionaire, I would travel around the world.
If I were not to have a test, I would go shopping. If I should not have a test, If I didn’t have a test, Were I not to have a test, I would go shopping. Should I not have a test,
If you had not slept with the window open, you would not have caught a cold. If you had not slept with the window open, you ________________ now.
错综混合条件句 If…were/did …, …would/could/might do … If … had been/done…, …would/could/might have done… If…were/did/should/were to…, …would/could/might do… If you ___________________ (attend) the meeting yesterday, you ____________ (know) what we are doing now. had attended would know If it ______ (be) not for the fact that his father is the manager, he ____________________ (get) the position. would not have got were
含蓄条件句 I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them. If I hadn’t been busy that day, I would have gone there with them. I would have finished the work, but I have been ill. If I hadn’t been ill, I would have finished the work.
Without air, there would be no living things. If there were not air, there would be no living things. But for your help, I couldn’t have done it. If it hadn’t been for your help, I couldn’t have done it.
insist order, command advise, suggest, propose (proposal) demand, require, request, desire 1. 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。 从句中的动词使用 should + 动词原形，或者 将 should 省略 其他句式结构中的虚拟运用
He insisted that Mary ______ (be) seriously ill and that she _________(send) to hospitals at once. The boy’s expression suggested that he _________ (be) angry, so Jim suggested that we _________________( not argue) with him any more. was be sent was should not argue All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory _______________(close down). My demand is that she _____________(come) to see me once a week. be closed down should come
注意点 : 1. suggest 和 insist 具有双重性 2. require, propose, order, desire 等相 应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句, 表语 从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气
2. wish/if only/as if 现在： 过去： 未来： did （ were ） had done would/might do
He is a brave man. I wish I have his courage. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I didn’t go to it. If only you will attend our wedding next week. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it had been broken. We felt as if we knew each other for years. If only we didn’t miss the train the other day. 改错 had hadn’t gone would /could were had known hadn’t missed
3. would rather that 现在： 过去： 未来： did had done did Group work:
4. It is desired/ suggested/ proposed/ necessary/ important/ strange/ natural/ essential It is important that we (should) master a foreign language. It is strange that she (should) refuse to come to the party. It’s requested that all the students (should) wear school uniforms at school.
5. It’s (high) time +that … did/should do … It's high time that we turned our attention to this problem. It’s time that our students devoted ourselves to the exam.
Consolidation 高考题选练
Homework 1. Review the usage of the Subjunctive Mood. 2. Finish the exercise in Grammar and Usage.