What is happening in this picture? How might alcohol play a role in each of these problems? What does the artist say is the solution?

 Temperance Movement – A reform movement from the 1800’s that attempted to “clean up” society.  Women’s Christian Temperance Movement – Considered drinking to be a sin  Anti-Saloon League – Largest force behind prohibition  Mostly, Temperance groups were fighting against the problems created by alcohol

 1919 – Temperance groups (like the WCTU) got their wish as the 18 th Amendment passed, banning the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages.  Not received well by others. WWI just ended and people were ready to move on with their lives. They wanted to enjoy life instead of make more sacrifices.

 1919, Congress passes the Volstead Act to enforce prohibition  Prohibition bureau was created to raid speakeasies (“underground saloons” where people drank in private) and stop “bootleggers” (people who brew and transported alcohol illegally).

 The Volstead Act only provided about $7 million and 1500 agents to enforce prohibition for the entire country.  Local authorities often considered it a federal responsibility to enforce prohibition

 Organized Crime grew  In every major city, getting people alcohol became a lucrative business.  Most famous gangster – Al Capone  Completely controlled the liquor industry in Chicago (as well as many police and government officials).

 In 1933, the U.S. ratifies the 21 st Amendment which repealed prohibition  The only Amendment that functions to repeal a previous amendment.