V i r u s e s Non-Living.

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Presentation transcript:

V i r u s e s Non-Living

What is a V i r u s? A disease causing particle consisting of hereditary material enclosed in a protein coat that is smaller and less complex than a cell

What is a Virus? A virus infects a host. A host is a living thing that provides a home and food for a parasite. A parasite is an organism that survives by living on or in a host organism, thus harming it.

What does a virus look like?

Viral Structures and Names Figure 19-9 Virus Structures Viral Structures and Names Tobacco Mosaic Virus T4 Bacteriophage Influenza Virus RNA Capsid proteins Head Tail sheath DNA Tail fiber RNA Capsid Surface proteins Membrane envelope The really small guys.

How does a virus reproduce? 1. Attaches to a cell. 2. Injects hereditary material into the cell. 3. Uses cell to perform life functions. (for the virus) 4. Virus replicates using the cell. The cell ruptures, releasing multiple copies of the virus. 6. The cell dies.

Life Cycles

What are some examples of a virus? Colds, fever blisters, and warts. AIDS, measles, influenza, hepatitis, small pox, polio, mumps, encephalitis, herpes.

P a p i l l o m a v i r u s - W a r t s

I n f l u e n z e v i r u s - F l u

H u m a n I m m u n o d e f i c i e n c y V i r u s - A I D S

R a b i e s V i r u s

Viral Diseases Type of Virus Nucleic Acid Disease Oncogenic viruses Retrovirus Adenoviruses Herpesviruses Poxviruses DNA RNA Cancer Cancer, AIDS Respiratory infections Chickenpox Smallpox Some viruses can be prevented with vaccines. Antibiotics do not work on viruses. Why not?

What defines life? Must meet ALL of H.O.G.R.E.C.R. Homeostasis Organization (atoms to organism) Growth & development Reproduction Energy use/metabolism Cell(s) Respond to stimulus

Viruses are not Cells Viruses have nucleic acids Viruses have a protein coat Viruses cannot grow Viruses do not use energy Viruses do not meet all of H.O.G.R.E.C.R. Viruses can change over time using energy from host cells

Bacteria

Structure of a Bacterium Peptidoglycan Cell wall Cell membrane Ribosome Flagellum DNA Pili Bacteria are prokaryotes. (Cell is prokaryotic) “Little bit larger now” but still microscopic.

Bacterial Diseases and Prevention Pathogen Prevention Tooth decay Lyme disease Tetanus Tuberculosis Salmonella food poisoning Pneumonia Cholera Streptococcus mutans Borrelia burgdorferi Clostridium tetani Mycobacterium tuberculosis Salmonella enteritidis Streptococcus pneumoniae Vibrio cholerae Regular dental hygiene Protection from tick bites Current tetanus vaccination Vaccination Proper food-handling practices Maintaining good health Clean water supplies Proper hygiene can prevent many bacterial infections. Antibiotics treat most bacterial diseases.