The Subjunctive Mood ( 虚拟语气 ) 洛阳高级中学英语教研组：刘东华

1.Where can you see so many beautiful flowers and plants ? 2.Have you ever been there?

If there__________(be) no Flower Expo, the people________________ (not enjoy) varieties of flowers. were wouldn’t enjoy

I ___________________________________ ( 不会拍许多照片 ) From Sep.28 th to Oct.27th, the 8th China Flower Expo was held in Chang Zhou. So if you hadn’t been there, what would you have done? I________________________many rare flowers. ( 错过 许多名贵的花 ) would have missed If I hadn’t been there, wouldn’t have taken many photos.

Many senior people come to the Flower Expo.How happy they are!

If my parents had been on the Flower Expo,we___________________________. ( 一起赏花 ) we______________________________. ( 拍更多的照片 ) would have enjoyed flowers together would have taken more photos.

If Changzhou should have a chance to hold Flower Expo again, I. （成为一名志愿者。） If Changzhou should have a chance to hold Flower Expo again, I. （成为一名志愿者。） would be a volunteer.

Read the sentences If there were no Flower Expo, the people would not enjoy varieties of flowers. If I hadn’t gone there, I would have missed many rare flowers. If my parents had been on the spot, we would have taken more photos. If Changzhou should have a chance to hold Flower Expo again, I would be a volunteer.

一、 If 非真实条件状语从句 含义 If 从句谓语 动词 主句谓语形式 与现在 事实相 反 与过去 事实相 反 与将来 事实相 反 were, did might/should/would/could+ do had donemight/should/would/could+ have done did/were should do, were to might/should/would/could+ do

If my parents had been on the spot, we would have taken more photos. If Changzhou should have a chance to hold Flower Expo again, I would be a volunteer. 在含有助动词 were, had 和 should 的非真实条件状语从句 中，从句可省略 if ，把 were, had 和 should 提前，并采 用部分倒装句式，主句保持不变。其中“ had ”必须是助动 词，否则不可。 Had my parents been Should Changzhou have Tips

If I had been a volunteer at that time, I ______________________________________. could tell you something interesting now 错综虚拟语气 （现在可以告诉你们一些有趣的事情）

虚拟语气 错综时间条件句 定义：从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。 If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now. 与过去相反 与现在相反 动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间 作出相应的调整．

二、含蓄条件虚拟语气 It rained that day, otherwise I would have taken more pictures. 有时为了表达的需要，虚拟语气中并 不总是出现 if 引导的的条件句，而通 过其他介词、介词短语或副词等来代 替。如： with, without, but for, or(else), otherwise, under, in 等, 这就 是含蓄条件虚拟语气。

Without / But for the 8th China Flower Expo, we 不了解 ) so many flowers. couldn’t have known about

They look as if they (be) sisters. Volunteers are helping visitors as if they (work) as guides for sevral years. worked were

If only I (be) a volunteer. If only I (go) there again last week. If only I (be) a volunteer. If only I (go) there again last week. were had gone

I wish he (win) the competition in London. We wish he (take) part in the Olympics in 2016, Brazil. We wish he (recover) from his injuries now. had won recovered would take

wish, if only, as if /though+ clause 与现在事实相反： 与过去事实相反： 与将来事实相反： did/were had done would/could/might/should do 从句的谓语形式

I would rather that you (sleep) well last night. I would rather that you (be)full of energy now. I would rather that you (have)too much homework tomorrow. I would rather that you (sleep) well last night. I would rather that you (be)full of energy now. I would rather that you (have)too much homework tomorrow. had slept were didn't have

would rather+ clause 与现在和将来事实相反： 与过去事实相反： did/were had done 从句的谓语形式

It's (high) time that we (try) our best to work hard. tried / should try

三、 should+v 型虚拟语气。 主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。 常见动词： 一个坚持： insist 两个命令： order, command 三个建议： advise, suggest, propose 四个要求： demand, require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语 气用法。即从句中的动词 使用 should + 动 词原形，或者将 should 省略。

Changzhou commands people ______________(take) an active part in the 8th China Flower Expo. Changzhou demands college students __________________ (devote) themselves to voluntary work. (should) take (should) devote

以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句， 表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的 动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire Our command is that people (take) an active part in the 8th China Flower Expo. The demand that college students (devote) themselves to voluntary work is popular. (should) take (should) devote

It’s suggested ( ordered, demanded, proposed, commanded, requested, desired, insisted, required ) that … 后面的主语从句中要使用 虚拟语气，也以 ( should )+ v 原. 的形式出现。 It is commanded that people (take) an active part in the 8th China Flower Expo. (should) take It is demanded that college students (devote)themselves to voluntary work. (should)devote

It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important that clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（ should ） + 动 词原形。 It is （必要） that we students (should) avoid picking flowers. necessary

1 、 Changzhou commands people should take an active part in the 8th China Flower Expo. 2 、 Changzhou demands college students should devote themselves to voluntary work. 3 、 Our command is that people should take an active part in The 8th China Flower Expo. 4 、 The demand that college students (should ) devote themselves to voluntary work is popular. 5 、 It is commanded that people should take an active part in the 8th China Flower Expo. 6 、 It is demanded that college students (should ) devote themselves to voluntary work. 7 、 It is necessary that we students (should) avoid littering everywhere.

May your happiness bloom like flowers. 简单句中的祝愿虚拟语气

Conclusion Now can you list all the types of Subjunctive Mood and their rules? If 非真实条件状语 从句 从句公式主句公式其它公式 should+do otherwise command, suggest, etc. It’s necessary that as if without/but for If only wish wouldrather(that ) It is (high) time that

Subjective mood If 型 Should +v 型 其他类 型 1.did 。。。 2.had done 。。。 3.were to/ did/should 。。。 错综时间条件句 ( 各自为准 ) 省略 if : were, had,should 提前. 1. 一个坚持，两个命令， 三个建议，四个要求。 2. It is （ necessary ， strange… ） +that… 1.wish/if only 2.would rather/as if 3.It is (high) time that… 4.but for/otherwise/ without/in that case 1. 过去式 2. 过去完成 3.could 、 would 、 might +v 1. 过去式 2. 过去完成 1. should （不省） +v 2. 过去式 1.Would,could,should,might+v 2.would,could,should,might +have done insist suggest Summary

In our daily lives,there are some things we regret seeing or doing.Please read the following two fables ( 寓言故事） and then express your feelings or your wishes by using subjunctive mood. (more than four sentences each fable)

A farmar and a snake( 农夫与蛇） It happened in a very cold winter. One day a farmer was on his way home. Suddenly, he saw a snake lying on the ground, almost frozen to death. “Poor snake ! Let me save your life !”said the farmer. Then he put the snake under his coat, next to his warm body. A few minutes later, the snake came back consciousness. The farmer did not get any signs of thanks for saving the snake’s life. Instead, the snake bit the farmer and left. “Poor me ! Why did I save the life of a cold-blooded snake ?” cried the dying farmer.

Marking His Mark （刻舟求剑） A man from the State Chu was crossing the river. In the boat ， his sword fell into the water by his carelessness. Imediately he made a mark on the boat.“This is where my sword fell off.”He said. When the boat stopped ， he jumped into the water to look for his sword at the place where he marked the boat. The boat had moved but the sword had not. Is this not a foolish way to look for a sword ？