Review Chapter 11 Unit 10 The Digestive System

Review Name the main organs of the digestive system(6)? Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine The medical term for a mass of food that has been chewed at the point of swallowing Bolus Digested food in the stomach(expelled into the duodenum)that is changed into a semi-liquid state is called? Chyme

Review An ulcer in the stomach is called? A gastric or peptic ulcer What causes an ulcer? Excessive aspirin or IBU use Muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract? Peristalsis This is a structure that controls the flow of food and water from the stomach to the small intestine? Pyloric sphincter

Review The first part of the small intestine, it’s a C- shaped segment, about 9 inches long? Duodenum The second part of the small intestine and is about 8 feet in length? Jejunum This is the last segment, about 12 feet long? Ileum

Review Largest gland(organ) in the body that detoxifies, manufactures bile, pulls toxins from the blood? Liver This condition is yellow discoloration of the skin caused by excessive bilirubin? Jaundice What is the sole purpose of the gallbladder? Storage of bile Bile is necessary for digestion of what? Fats This is a worm-shaped structure about the size of the little finger, acts as a storehouse for good bacteria? Appendix Appendicitis is considered a medical emergency and can cause? A burst, or perforate, spilling infectious materials into the abdominal cavity, requires emergency surgery

Review Medical term cholelithiasis? Gallstones The digestive process is complete by the time it reaches? The colon How long does it take the GI system to complete digestion? 36 hours The first part of large bowel is the right colon called? Ascending colon This is the longest and most movable part of the colon? The transverse colon This part of the colon extends downward along the left side of the abdomen until it reaches the edge of the pelvic cavity Descending colon This is the part of the large intestine that is closest to the rectum and anus, make an S shape? Sigmoid colon

Review This serves as a collecting area for the remains of digestion, and is 6 to 8 inches long? Rectum This is the endoscopic examination of the large bowel and the distal part of the small bowel? Colonoscopy This is an examination of the lining of the esophagus, stomach, and upper duodenum with a small camera (flexible endoscope) which is inserted down the throat? Esophagogastroduodeoscopy(EGD) This is a disease that causes scarring of the liver and poor liver function, jaundice and eventually liver failure? Cirrhosis

Review This is a surgical procedure in which a stoma is formed by drawing the healthy end of the large intestine or colon through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall and suturing it into place Colostomy This is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus, caused by infection or allergies, diarrhea and vomiting is very common? Crohn’s disease This condition causes out-pocketings or pouches of the intestinal wall? Diverticula

Review This is a condition in which the stomach contents (food or liquid) leak backwards from the stomach into the esophagus Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) These are painful, swollen or dilated veins in the lower portion of the rectum or anus Hemorrhoids This is a condition when the sac comes through a hole or weak area in the fascia, the strong layer of the abdominal wall that surrounds the muscle( types: inguinal, femoral, umbilical, epigastric, hital)? Hernia

Review Medical term for vomiting? Emesis This is a rapid test used to check for blood in the stool(use in a clinic) Hemocult card