1. Starter - Review “Curvature of the Spine”
Pick Up 3 different color pipe cleaners & glue
Depict the abnormal curvature of the spine(s) with the 3 different color pipe cleaners
Review curvatures on page 102 – Chap 6
Label each curvature correctly

2. 2.07 Remember the structures of the digestive system
Chapter 18 p 349

3. FUNCTIONS Physical breakdown of food
Chemical Digestion of food into the end products of fat, carbohydrates and protein.
Absorption nutrients into blood capillaries of the small intestines
Eliminate waste products of digestion

4. Structures of the digestive system
Also known as:
Alimentary Canal
Digestive Tract
Gastrointestinal Tract
Upper GI
Lower GI
Approximately 30 feet in length from mouth to anus
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

5. Structures of the digestive system
Primary structures
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestines
Large intestines
Accessory structures
Tongue
Teeth
Salivary glands
Pancreas
Liver
Gall bladder
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

6. Structures of the digestive system
Mouth
(buccal cavity)
Tongue
Teeth
Salivary Glands
Palate
Uvula
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

7. 2.07 Remember the structures of the
Tongue
Attached to floor of mouth
Made of skeletal muscle attached to four bones
Taste buds on the surface
Sweet
Sour
Bitter
Salty
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

8. Structures of the digestive system
Teeth
Primary (deciduous)
20 “baby teeth”
Secondary (permanent)
32 “adult teeth”
Did you know???
Canine teeth are also
known as cuspids and
eye teeth.
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

9. Structures of the digestive system
Salivary glands
Parotid gland
Largest salivary gland
Ptyalin Salivary amylase converts starches to simple sugars
Submandibular gland
Sublingual gland
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

10. 2.07 Remember the structures of the
Palate
Hard
Soft
Uvula
Flap of skin
hanging in the
back of the throat
Mastication – process of chewing
Bolus – rounded mass, food prepared for swallowing
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

11. Structures of the digestive system
Pharynx (throat)
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Hypopharynx
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

12. Structures of the digestive system
Esophagus
Muscular tube, 10” long
Connects the pharynx and stomach
Esophageal wall layers
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscular
External serous
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

13. 2.07 Remember the structures of the
Stomach
LUQ of the abdominal cavity
Fundus
Body
Pylorus
Cardiac Sphincter circular layer of muscle, controls passage of food into stomach
Pyloric Sphincter valve, regulates the entrance of food into duodenum
Rugae Wrinkle or folds in the stomach wall that allow for size changes in the stomach
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

14. 2.07 Remember the structures of the
Small intestines
Duodenum
First segment
curves around pancreas
12 inches long
Jejunum
Second segment
8 feet long
Ileum
Third segment
10-12 feet long
Peristalsis – contractions of the smooth muscle of the GI tract that propel food thru it
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

15. 2.07 Remember the structures of the
Accessories…
Pancreas (feather shape)
Secretes digestive enzymes Also has endocrine function
Located behind stomach
Liver
RUQ-below diaphragm
Largest organ of body
Connects to gall bladder and small intestine by ducts
Manufactures bile
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

16. 2.07 Remember the structures of the
Accessories…
Gall Bladder
Stores and concentrates bile until needed by body
Appendix –
* fingerlike projection protruding into the abdominal cavity
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

17. Glycogen – polysaccharide formed and stored largely in the liver
Bile – substance produced by the liver
emulsifies fat
Bilirubin – one of two pigments that determines the color of bile – reddish in color

18. Large intestines Approximately 2 inches in diameter 5 feet long
Chyme (semiliquid food)
Cecum- lower right portion of large intestine
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum last portion of large intestine
Anus external opening

19. Structures of the digestive system
Flatulence – excessive gas
Check your knowledge…tomorrow
2.07 Remember the structures of the
digestive system

20. As the Stomach Churns