PLANNER CW: Chapter 10 section 1 Notes CW: Ancient Egyptian Pyramids Reminder: States Map Test Friday, Aug: 14 th Chapter 10 section 1 quiz Monday, Aug. 17 th Chapter 10 Test Wednesday Aug. 19 th WARM-UP Look up Ch. 10 Sect. 1 vocab. Write a sentence using each word. ** You DO NOT have to write the definition of each word, just use it in a sentence.
Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt
Egypt and Mesopotamia – earliest known civilizations Egypt in North Africa Mesopotamia in Southwest Asia
Located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers Started: Using a 12-month calendar Predicting the floods Used the plow Irrigation system
Sumer – location of the earliest known city- state Invented: The wheel The sailboat
Polytheism – worship of many gods or goddesses Ziggurat – large tower that led to a temple where the priests lived
Theocracy – government controlled by religious leaders (right to rule from the gods)
First to keep lists and written records Cuneiform – wedge like symbols in clay tablets Schools called “tablet houses” Only the wealthy could go to school Wrote 1 st known story – “Epic of Gilgamesh” (similar to Noah’s Ark)
2300 B.C. – Akkad conquered Sumer and created the first empire Empire – groups of states under one ruler Babylon eventually conquered Akkad
Created number system based on 60 ▪ An hour ▪ Minute ▪ Circle Hammurabi’s Code – an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth
“Gift of the Nile”
King Narmer united Upper and Lower Eqypt in 3100 B.C.
An Egyptian ruler is called a pharaoh. They believed in theocracy (religion). What does that mean? They believed the pharaoh was a GOD. Considered the center of Egyptian life.
Theocracy – gods based on nature Re – sun god Hapi- river god Horus – sky god Osirus – harvest and eternal life god
Said that the soul could not exist without the body After death, Egyptians were: Embalmed Organs removed Slowly dry the body Wrapped in long strips of ribbon
Massive tombs for the bodies of pharaohs Statues also used to remember the great pharaohs (Sphinx)
Hieroglyphics
Put writing on monuments of papyrus (plant from the Nile)
First to use splints, bandages, compresses, stitching wounds, and setting bones.
Conquered by Greece and Rome
Using the diagram on page 317, create a pyramid. On the pyramid use pictures and only pictures to describe how you would want to be remembered. *Remember: it will be easier to draw on your pyramids before you glue them together. *use construction paper and colors; we will hang these from the ceiling after you are finished!!