Compromises over Slavery Aim: Why did compromise fail to solve the issue of slavery in the United States?

National Unity or Sectionalism? John C. Calhoun: "The South asks for justice, simple justice, and less she ought not to take. She has no compromise to offer but the Constitution and no concession or surrender to make.” Daniel Webster: "I wish to speak today, not as a Massachusetts man, not as a northern man, but as an American.... I speak today for the preservation of the Union. Hear me for my cause.” Henry Clay: "I know no South, no North, no East, no West to which I owe any allegiance."

Classwork Read and analyze the documents. Underline important text. Answer the following questions: Is this a primary or secondary source? What is the main idea of the reading? What effect did this event have on slavery in the United States? Summary Question: Was the federal government successful in dealing with the question of slavery in America?

I. US Constitution At the Constitutional Convention, what compromises did the framers make regarding slavery?  3/5 Compromise  Slave Trade Compromise

II. Missouri CompromiseMissouri Compromise

Missouri Compromise (1820) 1819, Missouri applied for statehood Politicians disagreed about whether it would be a slave state or free state  Northerners vs. Southerners Missouri Compromise  Missouri would allow slavery  Maine would enter union as free state (no slavery)  36º30’N latitude would separate Free States from Slave States in the Louisiana Territory

III. Compromise of 1850

Compromise of 1850

California = free state Utah and New Mexico territories allowed popular sovereignty: citizens of territories decided for themselves whether to have slavery Slave trade, but not slavery itself, abolished in Washington, D.C. Strong federal enforcement of new Fugitive Slave Act (VERY CONTROVERSIAL)

Compromise of California = free state 2. Popular sovereignty in Utah and New Mexico territories 4. Slave trade, but not slavery itself, abolished in Washington, D.C. 5. Strong federal enforcement of new Fugitive Slave Act (VERY CONTROVERSIAL)

IV. Kansas Nebraska Act

The Kansas-Nebraska Act A. Popular Sovereignty in these territories 1. Repealed the Missouri Compromise of Many Northerners were outraged B. “Bleeding Kansas” 1. violent conflict broke out between pro- and anti-slavery factions C. Republican Party forms 1. Opposed expansion of slavery 2. Abraham Lincoln