CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DNA

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Properties of Nucleic Acids

Advertisements

Molecular Biology Fifth Edition

Molecular Biology Fourth Edition

MOL8002 – Molecular mechanisms of host defence Methods of molecular biology Recognition of nucleic acids hybridization, sequencing, PCR, arrays Protein.

NUCLEIC ACID GENE IS THE ELEMENT CONTAINING INFORMATION THAT IS HANDED DOWN TO DAUGHTER CELLS (NUCLEIC ACID)GENE CAN BE IN THE FORM OF DNA OR RNA (NUCLEIC.

Enzymes/Macromolecules/Bo nding- covalent and ionic.

1. This will cover the following: Genomic organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Structure of DNA, RNA and polypeptide. Watson and Crick Model.

Ch 5 and16 A Close Look at the Hereditary Molecules Protein sequence-->programmed by genes Genes are made of DNA, a nucleic acid.

Section C Properties of Nucleic Acids

Nitrogenous bases Bicyclic purines Monocyclic pyrimidine

NUCLEIC ACIDS BY DR. MARYJANE. Are of two types: DNA RNA.

AP Biology Nucleic acids AP Biology Nucleic Acids.

Properties of Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Concept 5.5: Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary information.

NUCLEIC ACIDS Journey to the tiny world of DNA. Nucleic Acids  Organic molecules, include C, H, O, N and P elements.  Have various roles in metabolic.

Chapter 22 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

What IS DNA anyway? Do Now: 1.pass up the lab! 2.Read “why do enzymes have an optimal temperature” 3.Why do you think enzymes have an optimal pH also?

Properties of Nucleic Acids Lecture 1 of Introduction to Molecular Biology 生理所蔡少正.

2.4 Physical chemistry of nucleic acids A Variety of DNA Structures A Variety of DNA Structures A form A form Separating the Two Strands of a DNA Double.

DNA & RNA Structure Fig 1.9. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material -Stores genetic information in the form of a code: a linear sequence.

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS. DNA RNA Protein Scientists call this the: Central Dogma of Biology!

Characteristics of the Genetic Material

DNA RNA Protein Central Dogma of Biology Mostly only in viruses In all cells.

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA). The double helix Nitrogenous Bases and Pentose Sugars.

Section C PROPERTIES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS

DNA Biology Lab 11. Nucleic Acids  DNA and RNA both built of nucleotides containing Sugar (deoxyribose or ribose) Nitrogenous base (ATCG or AUCG) Phosphate.

Proteins and Amino Acids

Part Two – Lecture I. Forms of DNA A DNA  Rosalind Franklin focused on this form  Prevalent under high salt concentrations  More compact  Modification.

DNA STRUCTURE. NUCLEIC ACIDS Nucleic acids are polymers Nucleic acids are polymers Monomer---nucleotides Monomer---nucleotides Nitrogenous bases Nitrogenous.

Nucleic Acids The blueprints. Types of Molecules Polymers of nucleotides DNA: code for genetic information RNA –mRNA intermediates in protein synthesis.

DNA. Nucleic Acids Informational polymers Made of C,H,O,N and P No general formula Examples: DNA and RNA.

Molecular Biology 2.6 Structure of DNA and RNA. Nucleic Acids The nucleic acids DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides.

Structure, replication, transcription.  DNA is composed of nucleotides- which contain a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a nitrogen containing.

From DNA to Protein. Knowledge of Nucleic Acid Chemistry Is Essential to the Understanding of DNA Structure.

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.1 Chapter 21 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis 21.2 Primary Structure.

Regents Biology Nucleic acids: Information molecules.

Station 1 Nucleic Acid – DNA double helix. Station 2 Carbohydrate – Monosaccharide (pentose – ribose)

Spectral Characterization of DNA

DNA structure This is known as the 5 I (five prime) carbon 2:001:591:581:571:561:551:541:531:521:511:501:491:481:471:461:451:441:431:421:411:401:391:381:371:361:351:341:331:321:311:301:291:281:271:261:251:241:231:221:211:201:191:181:171:161:151:141:131:12

AP Biology Nucleic Acids Information storage Energy Transfer.

Chapter 9 Molecular Techniques

Lecturer: 譚賢明助理教授 Office: 醫學大樓十樓生科系 B 區 Phone: 5067 Textbook: Stryer’s Biochemistry (6 th ed.) (Chapters 4, 5, 28-31) Lewin’s Cells (Chapters 5 & 6) 分子細胞生物學.

DNA and RNA The Code of Life The Human Genome Project 8.

DNA Tautomerization.

LEHNINGER PRINCIPLES OF BIOCHEMISTRY Sixth Edition David L. Nelson and Michael M. Cox © 2013 W. H. Freeman and Company CHAPTER 8 Nucleotides and Nucleic.

What Biologist’s Do in their SPARE TIME… ntentid=13http:// ntentid=13.

Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids are: Polymeric macromolecules. Have high molecular weight. Made from monomers known as nucleotides. There function is encoding,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.1 Chapter 21 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis 21.3DNA Double Helix.

DNA and RNA Structure and Function Honors Research in Molecular Genetics.

DNA structure (with a side of RNA). The sugar HOCH 2 OH H H H H HOCH 2 OH H H H.

1 Advanced Biochemistry 高等生化學 Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids 陳威戎.

CARBON AND MOLECULAR DIVERSITY The structure and function of macromolecules: Proteins and Nucleic Acids Chapter 5.

Chemical and Physical properties of nucleic acid

Nucleotides and Nucleic acids.

5th lecture in molecular biology Dr. Sawsan sajid

THE NUCLEIC ACID Dyah Kinasih Wuragil Veterinary Medicine School

DNA DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double stranded a-helix

Nucleic Acids Individual unit called a (mono)nucleotide

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance 29 October, 2003 Text Chapter 16

Lec2 م. م مياسه مثنى.

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance 26 October, 2005 Text Chapter 16

Biological Molecules – DNA & RNA

DNA & RNA Notes Unit 3.

Fig 9-1 Figure: Caption: Simplified view of information flow involving DNA, RNA, and proteins within cells.

Structure of Nucleic Acid Constituents

Macromolecules and the Origin of Life

Presentation transcript:

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DNA Molecular Biology CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DNA

UV absorption

DENSITY 1.7 g cm-3, a similar density to 8M CsCl Purifications of DNA: equilibrium density gradient centrifugation Protein floats RNA pellets at the bottom

SOLUBILITY and VISCOSITY

Effect of Acid Strong acid + high temperature: completely hydrolyzed to bases, riboses/deoxyrobose, and phosphate pH 3-4 : glycosidic bonds attaching purine (A and G) bases to the ribose ring are broken

Effect of Alkali High pH (> 7-8) has subtle (small) effects on DNA structure High pH changes the tautomeric state of the bases enolate form enolate form keto form keto form Base pairing is not stable anymore because of the change of tautomeric states of the bases, resulting in DNA denaturation

Tautomeric Conversion Amino- (NH2) imino (=NH)

Tautomeric Conversion Keto (C=O)enol (C-OH)

Base pairing of the rare forms

RNA hydrolyzes at higher pH because of 2’-OH groups in RNA 2’, 3’-cyclic phosphodiester alkali OH free 5’-OH RNA is unstable at higher pH

Separating the Two Strands of a DNA Double Helix

Melting curve of Streptococcus pneumoniae DNA

Relationship between DNA melting temperature and GC content

The relationship between the GC contents and densities of DNAs from various sources

Reuniting the Separated DNA Strands Temperature DNA concentration Renaturation time Hybridization: renaturation of complementary sequences between different nucleic acid molecules.