Malaysian Technical Cooperation Programme (MTCP) UGANDA’S COUNTRY Report Presentation by Olyel Daisy Aciro (Ms) Senior Fisheries Inspector - Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF), P.O.Box 4, Entebbe, Uganda

OVERVIEW Introduction Introduction Resources Resources Fleet Fleet Catches Catches Processing Processing Marketing Marketing Administration Administration Research Research Aquaculture Aquaculture Development trends Development trends

INTRODUCTION  Boarded at East by Kenya South by Tanzania and Rwanda West by DR Congo North by Sudan.  Lies astride the Equator  Surface area of 236,040 km 2  Two main rainy seasons

 Population approx m  38% below the poverty line  GDP estimates is about 36.1 m US $. Agriculture contributes 36.1%, Industry 21.2% Services 42.8%  The main export commodities include Coffee, Fish and fish products, Tea, Gold, Cotton and other horticulture products INTRODUCTION

RESOURCES Water resources covers 44,000 km 2 Water resources covers 44,000 km 2 The major lakes consist of The major lakes consist of – Lake Victoria, – Lake Kyoga, – Edward, – George, – Albert, – A number of small crater lakes The major rivers are The major rivers are – Victoria Nile – Albert Nile.

More than 350 species of fish  Only three are currently exploited on a commercial level.  These include: – The Nile Perch (Lates Niloticus), – Nile Tilapia (Oreochomis Niloticus) and – Mukene (Rastreneobola Argentea).  The majority of these species are also very ornamental and therefore very suitable for aquarium fishing. – The ornamental species consist mainly of the Haplochromine cichlids. RESOURCES

SPECIES

COMMERCIAL SPECIES The Nile Perch

The Nile Tilapia COMMERCIAL SPECIES

Mukene Mukene COMMERCIAL SPECIES

THE UGANDAN FISHING FLEET Generally artisanal. Generally artisanal.

Made up of; Dug out canoes Dug out canoes Small wooden plank built / flat bottom canoes Small wooden plank built / flat bottom canoes –Size 4-12 meters Larger wooden plank built boats Larger wooden plank built boats –Size meters –Have normally an inbuilt container filled with ice –Mainly for the Nile Perch fishery. –Approximately 42,500 boats in Lake Victoria. –Out board engines with hp. THE UGANDAN FISHING FLEET

The dugout canoes occurs in The dugout canoes occurs in –Smaller lakes, for example the satellite lakes of Lake Kyoga –Size 3.5m -10m Sails or wind propelled canoes also occur Sails or wind propelled canoes also occur

Typical Sails - off Shore Fishing in L.Vic Typical Sails - off Shore Fishing in L.Vic THE UGANDAN FISHING FLEET

Smaller boats Operated by 2 or more fishers. Targeting the Nile Tilapia and Mukene

UGANDAN FISHERS

FISHING GEARS Major gear types are: Passive Passive Active Active The main Passive gears are –Simple traps mainly Basket traps –Gill nets sometimes active –Long lines –Hooks

Active gears are Seines Seines Cast nets Cast nets Scoop nets e.g. Lampara net or mosquito nets Scoop nets e.g. Lampara net or mosquito nets –Normally used for fishing the Mukene FISHING GEARS

FISHING GEARS AND THE LAWS Illegal fish gears Undersized gill nets – Meshes less than 4” Monofilament nets Cast nets Trawling – Are prohibited by law in all water bodies in Uganda

FISHING GEARS AND THE LAWS

Seining Seining –The most common type. –Boat seining/ Beach seining. –But prohibited by the fisheries law in Uganda. FISHING METHODS

The annual catch of fish mainly from natural lakes. The annual catch of fish mainly from natural lakes. – Approx. 250,000 metric tonnes CATCHES

CATCHES Over 80% of the fish catch is from L.Victotria and L. Kyoga FISH CATCH BY WATER BODY ( ) CATCH ('000 tonnes)

PROCESSING Basically two types Local processing Local processing Industrial processing Industrial processing

Local Processing consists of three methods Sundrying Sundrying Salting and Sundrying Salting and Sundrying Smoking Smoking Deep frying in oil Deep frying in oil PROCESSING

PROCESSING Sundrying (Basically for Mukene Fishery)

PROCESSING Sundrying (Basically for Mukene Fishery)

PROCESSING Sundrying (Basically for Mukene Fishery)

PROCESSING Industrial fish processing Aprox 15 factories Aprox 15 factories Mainly on the shores of L.vic Mainly on the shores of L.vic Main products Fillets, whole fish headed and gutted Others – Fish maws and skins

PROCESSING Salting and Sundrying Nile tilapia, Perch and other species like Clarias and Protopterus etc

PROCESSING Smoking ( Nile tilapia, Perch)

PROCESSING Smoking ( Nile tilapia, Perch) Typical smoking Ovens – Chokor Kilns

MARKETING. Basically three types. Local Regional International

MARKETING Local Markets (Fresh fish)

MARKETING Auctioning Auctioning

BICYCLE FISH TRADERS

MARKETING Women participation in local marketing

REGIONAL MARKETING

INTERNATIONAL MARKETS Direction of fish export from Uganda: Direction of fish export from Uganda: DestinationPercentage European union65% Middle East6% South, East and South-East Asia12% Australia and USA12% Africa5%

ADMINISTRATION Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) Directorate of Animal Resources Department of Fisheries resource Aquaculture Management Capture Fisheries National Agriculture Research organisation Gov’t Research body Education Institutions MUK and FTI

DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION LOCAL DISTRICT ADMINISTRATORS LOCAL DISTRICT ADMINISTRATORS DISTRICT FISHERIES OFFICERS DISTRICT FISHERIES OFFICERS SUBCOUNTY ADMINISTRATORS SUBCOUNTY ADMINISTRATORS SUBCOUNTY FISHERIES OFFICERS SUBCOUNTY FISHERIES OFFICERS

ADMINISTRATION Local Fisheries office at the landing site

Co-management at work - data collection in Lake KyogaADMINISTRATION

INFRASTRUCTURES

INFRASTRUCTURES The sub county H/Q Fisheries office.

INFRASTRUCTURES Boat building

RESEARCH Research Instititute at Jinja (FIRRI)

RESEARCH Uganda’s Type of research boat

FISH WEIGING

Community Hall building at a landing site (L.George)

Data collection

AQUACULTURE Very subsistance Main species is the Nile Tilapia Restocking of small lakes is seen as the big push From the year 2001 to date all the major small lakes have been restocked. Mainly done by women

AQUACULTURE WOMEN’S GROUP PARTICIPATING IN FISH POND CONSTRUCTION

DEVELOPMENT TRENDS Graph of Trends in Fish Exports from Uganda ( )

THE END. Questions and contributions are welcome