Homework Review sheet due Thursday Test on the Industrial Revolution Friday – 25 Multiple Choice – 2 out of 3 short answer questions

Aim #8: Was Marxism an inevitable outcome of industrialization? December 7, 2015

I. Socialism A.An economic system in which the government controls all factories, mines, railroads and other key industries (public ownership). This way, the government can make sure workers are treated fairly and poverty is eliminated. Which groups in Europe would have been in favor of This during the Industrial Revolution? Which groups would have opposed it? How is this different from the laissez faire capitalism that Adam Smith believed in?

II. Marxism / Communism A.An extreme form of socialism created by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels. Wrote their ideas in The Communist Manifesto (1848)

Period 1 Teams Kyle – Cristian John – Samantha Samy – Marisa Chris – Maddy Maria D – Julian Caroline – Allison Maria L – Bella Alex P – Lily Nicky – Olivia Madison – Jessica

Period 9 Teams Albin – Justin Charlese – Dorothy Melanie – Alicia Aram – Timmia Joe – Elaina Ashley – Mariela Jack – Kerry Lauren – Michael Teddy – Bryan – Sam

1. What has shaped the course of history? History is largely about class struggles between the poor and the rich. What are some examples?

2. How was the social hierarchy shaped by industrialization Leads to the rise of two major classes: – Bourgeoisie: Middle class factory owners, businessmen. – Proletariat: Poor workers.

3. What is the relationship between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie The Bourgeoisie abuse the proletariat, force them to work for low wages under horrible working conditions.

4. How did the discovery of America change industry? Expanded commerce (trade/business). Leads to industrialization.

5. How did industrialization impact the working class? How does Marx feel about this. Turned them into slaves to machines and and the bourgeoisie. Marx is disgusted by this!

6. What is the goal of all modern industry and technology? How does Marx feel about this? To turn a profit! Marx is again disgusted, because workers are oppressed (kept down) so the bourgeoisie can make a profit.

7. What obstacles did workers unions face? It is hard for workers to work together in a union because the bourgeoisie pit them against each other, force them to compete for better positions.

8. How can the proletariat improve their situation Proletariat must revolt against the bourgeoisie, take control of the means of production (coal mines, factories, machines, farmland, etc.). Will lead to a communist society!

9. What is the main theory of communism To create a classless society where there is no more private property (people are equal and share the land, run the factories together).

10. How have people criticized communist ideas about property and how does Marx respond? People don’t like that private property will be taken away (they want their own farms and businesses). Marx says that 90 percent of people don’t have private property anyway because it is all controlled by a small number of bourgeoisie.

11. Was Marx a nationalist? No! He believed the proletariat should be loyal to their class, not their countries!

12. What role does religion play in society and what should be done about it? Religion is the opium of the people (drug that distracts the proletariat from the unfair conditions they live under). It should be abolished!

Concluding Question Compare Marx’s philosophy of communism to Adam Smith’s concept of Laissez-faire. Which is more valid?