Monroe’s Foreign Policy Chapter 7D ( ) The student will understand U.S. foreign policy under President Monroe, including the Monroe Doctrine AL COS 10 th grade #21

I. Foreign Policy Under Monroe A. End of Disagreement Between Federalists and Republicans 1. Stopped after the end of the Napoleonic Wars and the signing of the Treaty of Ghent 2. Between 1816 and 1824 American foreign policy reflected consensus, not conflicts

B. John Quincy AdamsJohn Quincy Adams 1. Qualities: a. Extraordinary diplomat b. Austere and scholarly man c. Tough negotiator d. Fervent nationalist 2. Political Accomplishments: a. Secretary of State b. Served as Minister to Russia c. One of the negotiators of the Treaty of Ghent SEE NOTES

d. During his term the U.S. and Great Britain signed the Rush-Bagot Treaty of e. Attended the British-American Convention of f. Dealt with the Spanish in the settlement of Florida g. Spanish agreed to the Adams-Onis Treaty (also known as the Transcontinental Treaty SEE NOTES

C. Conventions and Treaties 1. With Great Britain: a. Rush-Bagot Treaty of effectively demilitarized the Great Lakes by severely restricting the number of ships that could maintain there. b. British American Convention of fixed the boundary between the United States and Canada from the Lake of the Woods West to the Rockies and restored to Americans the same fishing rights off Newfoundland that they had enjoyed before the War of SEE NOTES

2. With Spain: Adams-Onis Treaty of Also called the Transcontinental Treaty. Spain was to cede East Florida to the United States, to renounce its claims to all of West Florida, and agreed to a Southern border of the United States West of the Mississippi River that ran North along the Sabine River and then Westward along the Red and Arkansas Rivers to the Rocky Mountains, finally following the forty-second parallel to the Pacific.

II. The Monroe Doctrine A. Backround 1. The Americans wanted to expand the U.S. to Texas and take Mexico. 2. The Spanish a. They were not really worried about American encroachment b. They were worried about a revolution against Spanish rule in South America.

3. Holy Alliance a. Spanish sought support of European monarchs b. Britain refused to join c. George Canning, Britain's Foreign Minister, proposed that they issue a joint statement opposing any European interference in South America and that neither would annex any part of Spain's old empire in the New World. d. The Holy Alliance aimed to squash revolutions everywhere in the name of Christians’ principles. SEE NOTES

B) Monroe's Doctrine 1. Four Key Principles: a. Unless American interests were involved, the United States' policy was to abstain from European Wars. b. The "American Continents" were not "subjects" for future colonization by any European power.

c. Any attempt at European colonization in t he New World would be construed by the United States as an unfriendly act. d. It stressed that Europe and the Western Hemisphere had essentially different political systems

2. The Policy: a. Some parts of Monroe's message agreed with Canning’s proposals. b. Adams said it was better for the U. S. to make its own declaration c. Adams also said that the U.S. had no intent to seize Texas or Cuba, but the could become a part of the U.S. if they chose to do so. d. The Monroe Doctrine kept the option for America to extend control over Texas and Cuba and recognize the new Latin American governments.

Monroe’s Foreign Policy Chapter 7D ( ) The student will understand U.S. foreign policy under President Monroe, including the Monroe Doctrine AL COS 10 th grade #21