THE PRESENT PERFECT

Affirmative sentences: We use the auxiliary “have” (“has“ for the 3 rd person singular) + the past participle of the verb. e.g. They have been to China. FORM

Negative sentences : We use the auxiliary “have” (“has“ for the 3 rd person singular) + not + the past participle of the verb. e.g. They have not been to China.

Questions : We use the auxiliary “have” (“has“ for the 3 rd person singular) + the past participle of the verb. And we also change the word order to have/has + subject + past participle e.g. Have they been to China?

USE USE 1 We use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about experiences. It is important if we have done it in our lives or not. It is not important when we did it. Examples I have been abroad two times. Anna has never broken a leg. Have you ever eaten sushi? Tip! We often use never and ever with the Present Perfect Tense to talk about experience.

USE 2 We use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about an action which started in the past and continuous up to now. Examples I have been a teacher for more than ten years. We haven't seen Janine since Friday. How long have you been at this school? Tip! We often use since and for to say how long the action has lasted.

For + a period of time: for six years, for a week, for a month, for hours, for two hours. e.g. I have worked here for five years. She has lived here for twenty years. They have been married for six months. Since + a point in time: since this morning, since last week, since yesterday, since I was 12, since Friday, since 6 o'clock. e.g. I have lived here since They have been married since June. We have been at this school since last year.

Where do you live? How long have you lived there? Do you have a pet? How long have you had it? Do you have a laptop computer? How long have you had it?

USE 3 We also use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about a past action that has the result in the present. Examples I have lost my wallet. = I don't have it now. Jimmy has gone to South America. = He isn't here now. Have you finished your homework? = Is your homework ready now? Tip! We often use just, already and yet with the Present Perfect Tense for an action in the past with the result in the present.

We often use yet, just and already with the present perfect tense. just (to say something happened very recently) and already (to say something happened earlier than expected) go before the main verb in positive sentences. yet (to ask if something has happened or say it hasn’t happened) goes at the end in negative sentences and in questions. He’s just arrived at the airport. We’ve already met his new girlfriend. She hasn’t arrived yet.

-Has Gina phoned you ……………….? -Yes, she has ………………. phoned me. -Have you done your homework ? -No, I haven’t done it ……………….. -Do you know Mary is coming for dinner? -Yes, she has………………. phoned me. Complete the following sentences using yet, already or just. yet just already yet

He’s just scored a goal

They’ve just had an argument

He’s just made a big deal

She’s just won the elections

He’s just jumped off a plane

1. She _______________ to her parents many times about this subject. a. spoken b. have spoken c. has spoken d. has spoke 2. _________________________ well last night? a. Did she slept b. Did she sleep c. Has she slept d. Has she sleep 3. He is very tired because he _____________________ since 8 am. a. didn't sat down b. hasn't sit down c. didn't sit down d. hasn't sat down

4. He ________________________ when he was younger. a. have sung b. has sung c. sings d. sang 5. _____________________________a plane? a. Has he flew b. Has he flown c. Did he flew d. Did he fly 6. They ________________________ to Salalah. They took a taxi. a. hasn't driven b. didn't drove c. didn't drive d. hasn't drove

7. She ________________________ a lot yesterday. a. has cried b. cryed c. cried d. has cryed 8. She ________________________ in a long time. a. hasn't cooked b. didn't cook c. hasn't cook d. didn't cooked