1. A NEW INDUSTRIAL AGE

2.  3 MAJOR FACTORS OF THE INDUSTRIAL BOOM  EDWIN L. DRAKE  BESSEMER PROCESS  USES FOR STEEL  INVENTORS (EDISON, SHOLES, BELL)  INVENTIONS AFFECT WOMEN. HOW??  CONSUMER?  OVERALL, INDUSTRIALIZATION GOOD/BAD? WHY??

3.  3 MAJOR FACTORS OF THE INDUSTRIAL BOOM  WEALTH OF NATURAL RESOURCES  EXPLOSION OF INVENTIONS  GROWING URBAN POPULATION PROVIDED MARKET FOR NEW PRODUCTS

4.  U.S. changed from a nation of farmers to a modern, industrial nation  Natural resources played a key role in the transformation. Coal, iron ore, lead, and copper were used for building railroads, bridges, skyscrapers, and machinery.  Human population also helped industry grow.  1860 – 1890 population more than doubled  Provided labor supply

5. What geographical theme played a role in America’s industrial growth?

6.  Place = land with Natural Resources  Human/Environment = America’s ability to take the resources from the land and use them.

7.  Successfully used a steam engine to drill for Oil  This breakthrough started an oil boom that spread from Kentucky, Ohio, Illinois, and Indiana.  A rush to transform oil into Kerosene. Gasoline use was found later.

8.  Developers: Henry Bessemer/William Kelly  Technique: Injected air into molten iron to remove the carbon and transform it into steel.  By 1880, 90% of the nation’s steel used this method  Rapid innovation, by 1886 replaced by the open-hearth process (allowed quality steel from scrap metal and raw material)

9.  Railroads  Barbed wire (Joseph Glidden)  Steel changed the face of the Country  Made innovative construction possible  Brooklyn Bridge  Skyscraper

10.  Thomas Edison = 1879 developed the electric light bulb, cheap method of supplying light.  The bulb lit up cities  24 hr industrial production

11.  Christopher Sholes  1867 invented the Typewriter  Helped improved business communication  Alexander Graham Bell  Telephone, 1876  Further helped communication  Coast to coast service 1915

12.  Inventions affect women. How?  Affect on Factory work. How?  Affect on consumer?  Overall, industrialization good or bad? Why?

13.  Women =  New jobs for women: 1870 5% to 1910 40%  Most were single, white, native-born, age 15-24  Factory work =  Machines replaced backbreaking labor, yet workers are now easily replaced  Work completed in factors, no longer at home  Sewing machine  Consumer =  New force in American Business, trading cards, prizes with products, etc.

14.  IMPROVED STANDARD OF LIVING  NEW GOODS: PHONOGRAPHS, BICYCLES, CAMERAS  NEW OPPORTUNITES FOR RECREATION  SOCIETY WAS CHANGED FOREVER