1. Juan Carlos Arteaga-Velázquez for the KASCADE-Grande Collaboration Institute of Physics and Mathematics Universidad Michoacana, Mexico 132nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic…

2. 232nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… KASCADE-Grande detectors Observables -N e -N μ, ρ μ, τ μ -N ch, ρ ch, τ ch -N h, ΣE h -H μ, η MTD Calorimeter Grande station KASCADE W. D. Apel, NIMA620, 202 (2010).

3. 332nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… Objective: 1 ) Study total number of muons in EAS at different zenith angles for E=10 17 -10 18 eV with KASCADE-Grande and compare with predictions from hadronic interaction models: QGSJETII EPOS 1.99 SIBYLL 2.1 2) Study sensitivity of N μ data and the corresponding energy spectrum to the hadronic interaction model.

4. 32nd ICRC4J.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… ρ μ measurements with muon array h μ measurements with MTD Vertical EAS KASCADE-Grande: Early tests De Souza Poster #953 Zabierowski Oral #273

5. 532nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… 110 m a.s.l. 192  3.2 m 2 μ detectors: E μ > 230 MeV KASCADE-Grande: muon detectors W. D. Apel, NIMA620, 202 (2010).

6. 632nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… 1424 days of effective DAQ time  < 40° A  1.52 x 10 5 m 2 Grande stations  11 log 10 (N μ ) > 5.1 Selection cuts: Full efficiency: log 10 (N  ) ~ 5.4 log 10 (E/GeV) ~ 7.3 Data selection and efficiency

7. 732nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… Correction functions for reconstructed N * μ Fluctuations for corrected N μ Similar behavior On average, difference < 5% Similar behavior On average, difference < 10% Systematics and fluctuations

8. 832nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… Overall behavior is preserved. Differences in magnitude are observed. Effects on muon spectra due to different hadronic models

9. 932nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… Using the Constant Intensity Cut method to extract Λ μ

10. 1032nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… MC: γ = -2.8, -3.0, -3.2 H, Fe and mixed composition Confronting the measured Λ μ with MC predictions Discrepancies between MC and experimental data Λ μ Exp /Λ μ MC ≈ 4.0 – 2.0

11. 1132nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… Differences: Correction function Nucleus-air interaction Production of secondaries EAS Evolution EAS fluctuations Experimental data at high zenith angles: Lower attenuation in atmosphere or bigger muon production Confronting the measured Λ μ with MC predictions

12. 1232nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… Differences in N μ, when normalizing MC with experimental data for vertical showers Differences between observed and predicted N μ

13. 1332nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… Differences in N μ, when normalizing MC with experimental data for vertical showers Differences between observed and predicted N μ

14. 1432nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… Predictions of N μ for different hadronic interaction models

15. 1532nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… Effects: Similar shape Energy spectra are shifted Comparing the energy spectra based on different hadronic models Spectra derived from muon data

16. 1632nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… Comparing the energy spectra based on different hadronic models

17. 1732nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… At E=10 17 -10 18 eV, none of the hadronic interaction models (QGSJET II, EPOS 1.99, SIBYLL 2.1) is able to describe the N μ (θ) data of KASCADE- Grande consistently. At high zenith angles more muons are observed in the experiment than in MC simulations. The measured Λ μ is bigger than the MC values (Λ μ Exp /Λ μ MC ≈ 4.0 – 2.0). EPOS 1.99 predicts more muons than QGSJET II and SIBYLL 2.1 at the same energy leading to a lower energy spectrum (for spectra from muon data). The muon spectra are less sensitive than the derived energy spectra to the hadronic interaction model. Conclusions

18. 1832nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic…

19. 1932nd ICRCJ.C.Arteaga for the KG Coll. - Test of hadronic… Effects on muon spectra due to different hadronic models