1. Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids

2. Coloring in the Periodic Table

3. Notice the difference between the appearance of the metals and nonmetals. Click here for a better view of each of the elements.

4. Physical Properties of Metals: Luster (shininess)
Good conductors of heat and electricity
High density (heavy for their size)
High melting point
Ductile (most metals can be drawn out into thin wires)
Malleable (most metals can be hammered into thin sheets)
Chemical Properties of Metals:
Easily lose electrons
Corrode easily. Corrosion is a gradual wearing away. (Example: silver tarnishing and iron rusting
Bismuth

6. Physical Properties of METALS
Metals are malleable.
metals ability to be shaped or formed as by hammering or pressure; can be beaten into thin sheets
Aluminum is malleable

7. Physical Properties of METALS
Metals have shiny luster. (or metallic luster)
LUSTER – the way an object’s surface reflects light

8. Luster of Diamonds
Brilliance
Fire

9. Physical properties of METALS
Metals are SOLIDS.
(except mercury)
Metals are HARD.
(except Lithium, Potassium, Sodium)

11. Physical Properties of METALS
Metals are good conductors of electricity.
In a conductor, electric current can flow freely.
Copper Wiring
Copper, silver and gold are good electrical conductors!

12. Conductors electrons free to roam

14. METALS are the best conductors of heat.
Electrons in metals move more freely, allowing heat energy to travel across the metal.
Think about whenever you’ve left a spoon in a hot drink!
Best conductors: silver and copper

15. Insulators Do not allow heat and electricity to travel through
Examples:
rubber
plastic

18. Insulators – electrons don’t transfer energy

19. Physical Properties of METALS
Metals are ductile.
Ductility or ductile – can be drawn into a wire

21. Physical Properties of Metals:
Luster (shininess)
Good conductors of heat and electricity
High density (heavy for their size)
High melting point
Ductile
Malleable
Chemical Properties of Metals:
Easily lose electrons
Corrode easily. Corrosion is a gradual wearing away. (Example: silver tarnishing and iron rusting

22. Non metals may be solids, liquids or gases.
Examples of NONMETALS
Non metals may be solids, liquids or gases.
Examples:
Solids – Carbon, Sulfur, Phosphorus
Liquid – Bromine
Gases – Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

23. Physical Properties of NONMETALS
Nonmetals have a dull luster.
(They are not shiny!)
Ex. Phosphorus

24. Physical Properties of NONMETALS
Nonmetals are insulators.
They do not conduct electricity or heat well.
The atoms in nonmetals do not have loose electrons.
What would you rather stir a hot pot with—a wooden spoon or a metal spoon?

25. Physical Properties of NONMETALS
Nonmetals are soft (except for diamonds) and brittle.
Example: Sulfur

27. An interesting element: Carbon
Ever break the point of your pencil? That’s because it’s made of graphite, a substance made up completely of Carbon—a brittle nonmetal.
Carbon atoms in graphite
However diamonds, the hardest material of all, are made of the same element: Carbon. Look at how the carbon atoms are arranged in diamonds—why do you think diamonds are harder than graphite?
You may also want to discuss how we are using carbon to create new materials such as nanotubes, or discuss buckeyballs.

28. Non-metals are not able to conduct electricity or heat very well
cannot be rolled into wires (ductile) or pounded into sheets (malleable)
have no metallic luster
do not reflect light

29. The elements contained in the classification of Metalloids:

30. METALLOIDS Physical properties of both metals and non-metals.
Some are shiny, some are dull, they are somewhat malleable and ductile, and can conduct heat and electricity at a lesser level than metals.
SILICON
ARSENIC
BORON

31. Some metalloids are useful semiconductors, which are used in electronics (radio, computers, telephones, etc.)
They are useful because they conduct just the right amount of electricity or heat.
METALLOIDS

32. Metalloids Metalloids have properties of both metals and non-metals.
Boron (B)
Silicon (Si)
Germanium (Ge)
Arsenic (As)
Antimony (Sb)
Tellurium (Te)
Polonium (Po)
Tellurium is one of the metalloids or semimetals.

33. Where do we find METALS?
Some metals like gold, silver, and platinum are found as pure substances in the earth’s crust because they are least reactive.
Most metals are reactive and are found as oxides (react with oxygen), carbonates (react with carbon), sulfides (react with sulfur).
Minerals : are elements or compounds which occur naturally inside the earth’s crust.
Ore : is a mineral from which metals can be extracted profitably.

34. Video on Physical Properties of Metals

35. How coins are made

36. How aluminum foil is made