1. “ Water contributes much to health” Hippocrates 460- 370 B.C. “ Water, water, everywhere, and all the boards did shrink. Water, water everywhere nor any drop to drink” Samuel Taylor Coleridge 1772-1834 “ Two billion people drink water that others would not even use to wash their cars, while another 1.2 billion people would dearly love to have such water” Today

2. WATER-RELATED DISEASES Microbiological waterborne diseases Chemical waterborne diseases Water hygiene diseases Water contact diseases Water habitat vector diseases Excreta disposal diseases

3. CHEMICAL WATER-BORNE DISEASES Heavy metals Persistent organic pollutants

4. MICROBIOLOGICAL WATER-BORNE DISEASES Amebiasis Bacillary dysentery (Shigellosis) Cholera Diarrheal diseases Escherichia Coli diseases

5. MICROBIOLOGICAL WATER-BORNE DISEASES Hepatitis A viruses Giardiasis Typhoid fever Salmonelosis Leptospirosis

6. WATER HABITAT VECTOR_BORNE DISEASES Schistosomiasis Yellow fever Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever Malaria

7. WHAT CAN BE DONE  To develop instruments and mechanisms to protect surface and ground water resources predominantly destined for human consumption  To reduce the prevalence of water habitat vector borne diseases, starting with the eradication of Schistosomiasis  To establish and enforce water quality standards for recreational waters

8. WHAT CAN BE DONE  To increase communities awareness in relation to the health value of water  To increase the investments in the water and sanitation sector  To promote more integrated water management projects