1. Conservation Biology and Legislation

2. A Little History… U.S. Lacey Act of 1900: prohibits trade in wildlife, fish, and plants that have been illegally taken, transported or sold. 1 st federal law protecting wildlife

3. Research an org. to find best way to protect the species and its surrounding habitat. Conservation Biology

4. In-Situ Conservation “In the field” conservation Done by protecting them in their habitat.

5. Ex-Situ Conservation “Out of the field” when few individs left Conserving/ helping the population repopulate in a lab, zoo, aquarium.

7. Bald Eagle Conservation 1963= 417 nesting pairs Loss of habitat, hunted, DDT Ex-Situ rehab. Aug 8, 07: off End Species List!

9. Seed Banks Ex-Situ: Saves plants from destruction Cryogenically frozen for future Stored in duplicate locations

10. Botanical Gardens Ex-Situ: Breed plants and educate Asexual reproductive techniques

11. Aquariums: Ex-Situ Growing own corals Rehab of injured animals Raising public awareness

12. Zoos: Ex-Situ Artificial Insemination Embryo Transfer Education

13. Audubon Society: Birds American Cetacean Society: Marine mammals National Wildlife Federation, Sierra Club, Tree People National Conservation Orgs

14. International Conservation Orgs World Conservation Union (IUCN) World Wildlife Fund Nature Conservancy: Buys land, establishes reserves

15. 1973 -illegal to import or trade products of E.S. unless used explicitly for science USFWS responsible Species on list cannot be “taken”, threatened, killed, harmed: habitat can’t be harmed

17. Decision must be made on biological basis only –No development that causes harm –Must develop a recovery plan –1350 species listed (4000 candidates)

18. Problems w/ ESA Encourages people to destroy land before listing No focus on ecosystem Is inflexible Is political Focus on charismatic megafauna Only 8 species de listed

19. International Laws CITES - Convention on the International Trade of Endangered Species –Created by IUCN: World Con. Union –signed by 169 countries –prohibits trade of live specimens or products of 900 species on list

20. CITES Does not use Endangered or Threatened. Uses appendices: Appendix 1 listed means endangered. Appendix 2 listed means threatened. An org. can be on both CITES and US ESA! Squirrel Monkey: App II Ring-Tailed Lemur: App I

21. IUCN’s Red List World Conservation Union list. Assess conservation status of global species. Use Critically Endangered, Endangered, and Vulnerable. Common Hippo: Vulnerable Angel Shark: Crit. Endang.

22. International Whaling Commission Regulates whaling Bans on gill-netting, purse seines Japan/Finland no sign!

23. How to Save End. Species Establish parks, preserves and wilderness areas that are not fragmented!

24. Enforce legislation such as US ESA and CITES. Support $$ env. organizations. How to Save End. Species

25. Control human population and consumption! How to Save End. Species

26. Restore damaged habitats Reforest Regulate private land use. How to Save End. Species