1. By Claudine-Faye H. Agno Visual Elements in Photography

2. 1) Line - set of points a) Horizontal lines - Signify calmness and repose b) Vertical lines - life, dignity, timelessness, power and resistance to change

3. 1) Line - set of points c) Diagonal lines - action, danger, uncontrolled motion, emotion d) Jagged lines - Abruptness and destraction/destruction

4. 1) Line - set of points e) Curve lines - Fluid motion, grace, growth, fertility, erotic interest f) Leading lines - Leads to the main subjects or to some other elements of a picture

5. 1) Line - set of points g) Implied lines - Line that is usually suggested by the arrangement of elements

6. 2) Shape - two-dimensional outline of an object a) circle b) square c) triangle d) rectangle e) Implied shapes f) Silhouettes

7. 3) Form - three-dimensional outline of an object - There are shadows

8. 4) Texture - Surface characteristics of any object/senses course/rough glossy/ smooth

9. 5) Color -To emphasize color: differentiate the tone or values of the subject from the background and foreground

10. Depth of Field (DOF) - distance between the nearest and the farthest objects in a scene that appears to be sharply focused on a print - the zone of sharp of focus

11. Types of Depth of Field (DOF) - shows the subject, foreground and background relatively in sharp focus -shows depth and perspective 1) Deep DOF -assists in accurate focusing -establishes environment and sceneries

12. Types of Depth of Field (DOF) - shows subject in sharp focus and the background/foreground blurred or out- of-focus - emphasizes the main subject and eliminates distracting background 2) Shallow DOF

13. Factors Affecting Depth of Field - the bigger the aperture, the shallower the DOF. - the smaller the aperture, DOF is deeper. 1) Aperture

14. Factors Affecting Depth of Field - the longer the focal length, the shallower the DOF. - the shorter the focal length, the deeper the DOF. 2) Focal Length

15. Factors Affecting Depth of Field - the nearer the camera is to the subject, the shallower the DOF - the farther the camera is to the subject, the deeper the DOF. 3) Subject-to-Camera distance

16. Common applications: - smallest aperture - short focal length 1) Scenery shot (deep) - move further to subject Use the following settings to achieve deep DOF:

17. Common applications: - big aperture - move closer to subject 2) Close-up shot (shallow) - use telephoto lens Use the following settings to achieve shallow DOF:

18. By Claudine-Faye H. Agno Visual Elements in Photography