1. Pearl Harbor…What Next??? November 2, 2011

2. December 7, 1941: Pearl Harbor What next??? – Get troops/ goods ready – Plan for fighting After Pearl Harbor – Extreme PATRIOTISM (pride for country) Join military Volunteer with Red Cross Move into jobs that help with war Length of WWII – 16 million serve in U.S. military

3. 1941 – 1942 Military INCREASE – Army 1.4 million to 3 million – Navy 300,000 to 600,000 – Marines 54,000 to 150,000 All ethnic & racial backgrounds joined, BUT – Segregated (separated) units – Tuskegee, Alabama: African Americans training for Air Force 350,000 women involved in WWII – 1943 – Women’s Army Corp (WAC) Clerical, drivers, instructors, etc. – 57,000 nurses volunteer in Europe (dangerous) – All Production for war effort – Ex: Ford Motor Company; Jeep – Rationing: butter, gas, steel, rubber, sugar, etc.

4. Office of War Mobilization – Production contracts – Negotiate labor (salary, hours, etc.) – Control inflation (prices) By 1944: U.S. production levels DOUBLE of Italy, Germany, & Japan COMBINED – Allies at ADVANTAGE – Stalin: “To American production, without which the war would have been lost” GOOD THING: All spending for the war…Gets U.S. out of Great Depression – 1 st time in a decade – job for every worker

5. Battles in the Pacific: Bataan, Coral Sea, Doolittle Raid November 8, 2011

6. REVENGE: Fierce fighting in the Pacific – After Pearl Harbor Japanese need to move FAST to gain foothold – Japanese population LOW compared to U.S., BUT… Technology advantages – Advanced weapons – Well trained & highly motivated military – 1941: Douglass MacArthur in Pacific (struggling) Commander of U.S. Army in Asia Japanese destroyed ½ of U.S. fighter planes in Asia Didn’t just invade Pearl Harbor – Guam, Wake Island, & Hong Kong

7. MacArthur positioned troops to repel (fight against) invasion – Miscalculated strength of Japan Forced to retreat – MacArthur & U.S. troops get trapped on Corregidor Island (lack food, medical, military supplies) MacArthur ordered by FDR to go to Australia (too dangerous on island) – 75,000 troops stay behind

8. 1942: 75,000 troops on island surrender to Japan – Force sick & malnourished prisoners of war (POWs) to march more than 60 miles up Bataan Peninsula – More than 7,000 troops died (Bataan Death March) 1942: Japan has control of Southeast Asia & Pacific – Allies need to regroup QUICK

9. FDR wants to RETALIATE (1)Plan nighttime bombing raid Led by Col. Doolittle – Japan detect U.S. 800 miles away – U.S. doesn’t wait for night – Bomb Tokyo » Kill 50/ damage 100 buildings – Doolittle raid minimal BUT boosts U.S. morale (2) Battle of Coral Sea – Japan ships at Port Morsby (New Guinea) » Threaten Australia & protect bases – U.S. sends aircraft carriers » 1 st sea battle where ships don’t see eachother » U.S. planes attack Japan (vice versa) – DRAW: But Japan called off invasion of New Guinea NEW TYPES OF BATTLE IN WWII: Aircraft carriers & planes (NEED PRODUCTION)