2. Rankine Cycle for Power Generation By P M V Subbarao Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi An appropriate amalgamation of Theory and Practice !!!!

3. Ideal Rankine Cyclic Model for Power Generation System

4. Constant Pressure Steam Generation

5. Constant Pressure Steam Generation Process Constant Pressure Steam Generation: =0 Theory of flowing Steam Generation

6. Knowledge for Energy Audit Constant Pressure Steam Generation: Practical way of understanding the use of fuel energy: Is it possible to get high temperature with same amount of burnt fuel? What decides the maximum possible increase for same amount of burnt fuel?

7. The Law of Learning one fourth from the teacher, one fourth from own intelligence, one fourth from classmates, and one fourth only with time. Mahabharath

8. Carnot’s View of Rankine Cycle Creation of Temperature at constant pressure :

9. Phase Behavior & Expenditure Vs Wastage h s Liquid Liquid +Vapour Vapour

10. Variable Pressure Steam Generation s h

11. Specific PressureEnthalpyEntropyTempVolume MPakJ/kgkJ/kg/KCm3/kg 1135007.79509.90.3588 2535007.06528.40.07149 31035006.755549.60.03562 41535006.5825690.02369 52035006.461586.70.01776 62535006.37602.90.01422 73035006.297617.70.01187 83535006.235631.30.0102 Analysis of Steam Generation at Various Pressures

12. More Availability of Energy for Turbine : Healthy Muscles Specific TempPressureVolumeEnthalpyEntropy CMPam3/kgkJ/kgkJ/kg/K 57550.076236087.191 575100.0370135636.831 57512.50.0291735406.707 575150.0239335166.601 57517.50.0201934926.507 575200.0173834676.422 57522.50.015234416.344 575250.0134534156.271 575300.0108333626.138 575350.00895733076.015

13. Behavior of Vapour At Increasing Pressures All these show that the sensitivity of the fluid increases with increasing pressure.

14. Creation/Reduction of Wastage

15. Less Fuel for Creation of Same Temperature

16. Availability of Steam for Condenser Temperature of 45 0 C Turbine Inlet : 3500 kJ/kgTurbine Exit Specific Available PressureEntropyTempVolumeEnthalpyQualityEnthalpyWork MPakJ/kg/KCm3/kgkJ/kg 117.79509.90.358824640.950224641036 257.06528.40.0714922320.853222321268 3106.755549.60.0356221350.812721351365 4156.5825690.0236920800.789720801420 5206.461586.70.0177620410.773620411459 6256.37602.90.0142220120.761520121488 7306.297617.70.0118719890.751819891511 8356.235631.30.010219690.743619691531

17. Ideal Rankine Cycle : p-h Diagram 1 2 3 4

18. Ideal Rankine Cycle : P-h Diagram 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

19. Analysis of Steam Generation Process Heat Addition in Steam Generator, q in Define entropy based mean

21. First Law Analysis of the Rankine Cycle Main components of the above cycle are: 1) Pump – Generate high Pressure water. 2) Boiler (steam generator) – heat exchanger 3) Turbine – generates mechanical power 4) Condenser – heat exchanger

22. Pump : Adiabatic Process SSSF: Conservation of mass First Law : No heat transfer, change in kinetic and potential energies are negligible  

23. For SSSF Process: Liquids are incompressible, change in volume per unit change in Pressure is negligible.

24. Pumping of Incompressible Fluids Adiabatic pumping of a liquid is almost an Isothermal process!!