1. Changing/Conflicting Attitudes p. 210

2. More Change As societies changed, individual and group attitudes and values changed. Traditional ideas were challenged and some dropped. Fads and trendy ideas, were tried.

3. Cult of domesticity: * the ideal woman was the woman who stayed in and managed the home. Modeled in songs, novels, magazines, slogans “home, sweet home!” Middle and upper class practice.

4. Temperance Movement Effort led mostly by American women for a national ban of drinking alcohol. EC: Reasons (2) Male drunken violence against women and children Loss of family income and jobs due to drunkenness.

5. Elizabeth Cady Stanton: in mid 1840s, Susan B. Anthony, Lucretia Mott, and she were leaders in –the movement to abolish US slavery –the gaining of women’s rights.

6. Women’s suffrage: movement to gain right to vote for women US: Seneca Falls Convention—women and men declare effort to gain women’s suffrage. Similar movements sprang up in Britain and part of Europe.

7. Sojourner Truth: African-American woman who spoke out against –mistreatment of Blacks in America also was a proponent of women’s suffrage.

8. John Dalton: English Quaker school teacher who expanded ancient Greek ideas about the atom. He is considered the pioneer of the atomic theory: All matter is composed of atoms. After his work physicists and chemists pointed their attention at identifying atoms.

9. Charles Darwin: British naturalist (biologist). 1830s, set sail on a government- sponsored scientific voyage around the world. In 1859, he published his ideas: –All forms of life, including humans, had evolved (changed slowly over time) into their present state.

10. EC: Adaptation was based on (3) –speed, –strength, and/or –intelligence What is the idea behind Darwin’s statement, “survival of the fittest” (2) –The fittest live on for generations –They often determine if the weaker survive or not. Charles Darwin:

11. EC: Social Darwinism* (4) Is NOT a teaching of Charles Darwin Using Darwin’s theories, racists explained why certain people were better, superior to others. –Used “scientific” study and “evidence” to prove it. –Most of the data was manipulated, racist, exaggerated, and or false.

12. Racism: belief that one race is superior to another…..often based on unscientific or manipulated scientific evidence or theory. “Whites” will use racism to justify taking over lands owned by non-Whites and subjugating the non-Whites to work for them and buy their products –imperialism.

13. Social gospel: Western Christian movement aimed at social work to improve the lives of those in need, even non-Westerners EC: Western Christian movement efforts included: (6) –Labor unions –Political parties—promoting reforms in: Housing Healthcare Education –Charities to help poor and sick –Schools –Hospitals

14. End hwk Begin classwork

15. Standards Check, p. 211 How had the social order changed by the late 1800s? Three distinct classes: –Upper –Middle –Lower

16. Infographic, p. 211 Questions: 1 How do these images reflect a cult of domesticity? Show only acceptable activities for women were in the home. 2 Compare and Contrast the women in these two images. Similar: –Women are performing domestic activities Different: –Women shown entertaining and doing everyday chore.

17. Primary Source, p. 212 She believes that an well-rounded education would prepare women for the unexpected make them more independent.

18. Standards Check, p. 212 What were the arguments against women’s suffrage? Women were too emotional to vote; should be protected from politics; belonged at home, not in public

19. Standards Check, p. 213 Why did more children attend school in the late 1800s than before? Fewer children needed in farms or shops; Middle class families could send kids to school.

20. Image, p. 213 How does this photo illustrate the changes that had taken place in the British educational system? Girls also being taught science Bright, supplied classroom

21. EC: CHEMISTRY a Russian chemist, organized what was being learned about atoms, into the “periodic table of elements”.periodic table of elements –It has grown much larger since he started it.larger –Dmitri Mendeleev,

22. Geology—Earth Science EC: ____________ suggested that the Earth was over a million years old. Charles Lyell Later research suggested the Earth was over two billion years old, but that life was much shorter than that.

23. Creationism vs. Science These ideas conflicted –EC: accepted religious explanations that Earth is only a few thousand years since creation by God….. –“Creation Theory”; “Intelligent Design” Discoveries by anthropologists of prehistoric human bones and cave homes in Neanderthal, in Germany, older than the religious teaching, spurred more research into the origins of human beings. Tied with Darwin’s ideas, the scientific explanation is called, –“Evolution Theory”

24. He backed up the evolution theory with the idea of _________________ “natural selection” –Life forms compete with each other for survival –Environment affected survival ability depending on the life forms ability to adapt (change) –Successful life forms passed on the new “traits” to their offspring. Charles Darwin:

25. Infographic, p. 215 1 How did Darwin’s voyage help him develop his theory of natural selection? Travel let him study different varieties, This gave him ideas about survival and evolution. 2 Why would the isolation of Galapagos islands attract scientists such as Darwin? The isolated species on the Galapagos had to adapt to the environment. The Islands were a natural laboratory.

26. Standards Check, p. 216 How did science begin to challenge existing beliefs in the late 1800s? Research of Lyell and Darwin challenged traditional and Biblical views.

27. Standards Check, p. 216 How did religious groups respond to the challenges of Industrialization? They worked for reform and social services

28. Quick Write Why would religion be against so many of the new scientific ideas during this age?