1. CHEM 1011 Experiment 11: Charles’ Law: the Volume-Temperature Relationship of a Gas

2. Objectives To measure the volume of a fixed quantity of air as the temperature changes at constant pressure. To verify Charles’ Law.

3. Introduction Charles’s Law states that when the pressure is held constant, the volume of a fixed mass of ideal gas is in direct proportion to the temperature in degrees Kelvin. V = kT or k = V/T

4. Introduction For two sets of V and T: V 1 /T 1 =V 2 /T 2 or V 1 T 2 =V 2 T 1 or (V 1 T 2 )/(V 2 T 1 )=1

5. Chemicals and Equipment Boiling stones Bunsen burner(or hot plate) 250mL Erlenmeyer flasks(2) 800mL beakers(2) Clamps Glass tubing Marking pencil

6. Chemicals and Equipment(cont.) One-hole rubber stopper Ring stand Ring support Rubber tubing Thermometer Wire gauze

7. Calculations To determine T 1, measure the temperature of the ice bath. To determine T 2, measure the temperature of the boiling water.

8. Calculations V w is the volume of water sucked into Flask 1. V 2 is the volume of air at the temperature of boiling water which is determine from measuring the volume of Flask 1. V1 is the volume of air at the temperature of the boiling water which is calculated from V 1 = V 2 - V w

9. Calculations Charles’s Law can be determined from calculation V 2 T 1 /V 1 T 2 The percent deviation can be calculated by subtracting the number verifying Charles’s Law (8) from 1.00, dividing by 1.00, and multiplying by 100 % = 1.00-(8) x 100 100